Abstract
Mulching was highly effective and superior to chemical treatments for the control of web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani, the imperfect state of Thanatephorus cucumeris. Plots were established in fields with a history of repeated incidence of WB. Soilborne sclerotia and colonized debris spread by splashing rain were the main sources of inoculum for WB in these fields. Mulching with rice husks (2.5 cm thick) greatly reduced splashing of inoculum and lowered disease severity. At harvest, severity of WB in nontreated and mulched plots planted to cultivar Porrillo 70 was 100 and 13%, and seed yield was 0 and 655 kg/ha, respectively. In a second field with a lower level of inoculum, yield in the nontreated and mulched areas averaged 273 and 835 kg/ha, respectively. Similar results were obtained with cultivar Mexico 27. Mulching with rice husks was superior to PCNB soil drench (40 kg 75 WP/ha) in controlling WB. Seed treatment with benomyl (1 g benomyl, 50% WP, per kilogram of seeds) and soil application of paraquat (1 kg a.i./ha) were ineffective. The local production practice of “frijol tapado,” in which seeds are broadcast in vegetation that is later cut and left as mulch, was as effective as rice husk mulching in reducing the incidence and severity of WB, but yields were lower.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching was superior to chemical treatments for controlling web blight in beans caused by Rhizoctonia solani.
- Taxon
- beanse1
- Treatment
- Mulchinge1
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie1pathogen - Outcome
- control of web blighte1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Comparator
- chemical treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Mulching was highly effective and superior to chemical treatments for the control of web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching with rice husks greatly reduced splashing of inoculum in beans.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“Mulching with rice husks (2.5 cm thick) greatly reduced splashing of inoculum and lowered disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching with rice husks lowered web blight disease severity in beans.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“Mulching with rice husks (2.5 cm thick) greatly reduced splashing of inoculum and lowered disease severity”
Claim · model-written summary
In cultivar Porrillo 70, web blight severity at harvest was 100% in nontreated plots and 13% in mulched plots.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e4“At harvest, severity of WB in nontreated and mulched plots planted to cultivar Porrillo 70 was 100 and 13%, and seed yield was 0 and 655 kg/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In cultivar Porrillo 70, seed yield was 0 kg/ha in nontreated plots and 655 kg/ha in mulched plots.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e4“At harvest, severity of WB in nontreated and mulched plots planted to cultivar Porrillo 70 was 100 and 13%, and seed yield was 0 and 655 kg/ha, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In a second field with lower inoculum, yield in nontreated and mulched areas averaged 273 and 835 kg/ha.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e3“In a second field with a lower level of inoculum, yield in the nontreated and mulched areas averaged 273 and 835 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Results similar to those with Porrillo 70 were obtained with cultivar Mexico 27 in the mulching trial.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e5“Similar results were obtained with cultivar Mexico 27”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulching with rice husks was superior to a PCNB soil drench in controlling web blight.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e6“Mulching with rice husks was superior to PCNB soil drench (40 kg 75 WP/ha) in controlling WB”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with benomyl was ineffective against web blight in beans.
- Taxon
- beanse1
- Treatment
- Seed treatment with benomyl (1 g benomyl, 50% WP, per kilogram of seeds)e7
- Outcome
- ineffectivee7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e7“Seed treatment with benomyl (1 g benomyl, 50% WP, per kilogram of seeds) and soil application of paraquat (1 kg a.i./ha) were ineffective”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil application of paraquat was ineffective against web blight in beans.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e7“Seed treatment with benomyl (1 g benomyl, 50% WP, per kilogram of seeds) and soil application of paraquat (1 kg a.i./ha) were ineffective”
Claim · model-written summary
Frijol tapado was as effective as rice husk mulching in reducing the incidence and severity of web blight in beans.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“The local production practice of “frijol tapado,” in which seeds are broadcast in vegetation that is later cut and left as mulch, was as effective as rice husk mulching in reducing the incidence and severity of WB, but yields were lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Frijol tapado gave lower yields than rice husk mulching in beans.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“The local production practice of “frijol tapado,” in which seeds are broadcast in vegetation that is later cut and left as mulch, was as effective as rice husk mulching in reducing the incidence and severity of WB, but yields were lower”
Claim · model-written summary
Soilborne sclerotia and colonized debris spread by splashing rain were the main sources of inoculum for web blight in these beans fields.
Verbatim
e1“web blight (WB) caused in beans by Rhizoctonia solani”
e3“Soilborne sclerotia and colonized debris spread by splashing rain were the main sources of inoculum for WB in these fields”
The same questions in other papers
Oryza sativa · disease · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
mulching · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
30 papers more in this group
See all 34 papers →mulching · disease · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.