Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cell suspension cultures accumulated high concentrations of the pterocarpan phytoalexin medicarpin, reaching a maximum within 24 hours after exposure to an elicitor preparation from cell walls of the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. This was preceded by increases in the extractable activities of the isoflavonoid biosynthetic enzymes l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate coenzyme A-ligase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, and isoflavone O-methyltransferase. Pectic polysaccharides were weak elicitors of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity but did not induce medicarpin accumulation, whereas reduced glutathione was totally inactive as an elicitor in this system. The fungal cell wall extract was a weak elicitor of the lignin biosynthetic enzymes, caffeic acid O-methyltransferase and coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase, but did not induce appreciable increases in the activities of the hydrolytic enzymes chitinase and 1,3-beta-d-glucanase. The results are discussed in relation to the activation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in other legumes and the development of the alfalfa cell culture system as a model for studying the enzymology and molecular biology of plant defense expression.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal cell wall elicitor induced medicarpin accumulation, maximal within 24 hours.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- elicitor preparation from cell wallse0
- Interactor
- Colletotrichum lindemuthianum
Colletotrichum lindemuthianume0pathogen - Outcome
- medicarpine0
- Direction
- accumulatede0
- Value
- 24 hourse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cell suspension cultures accumulated high concentrations of the pterocarpan phytoalexin medicarpin, reaching a maximum within 24 hours after exposure to an elicitor preparation from cell walls of the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum.”
Claim · model-written summary
The fungal elicitor increased several isoflavonoid biosynthetic enzyme activities before medicarpin accumulation.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)Medicago sativat0
- Treatment
- elicitor preparation from cell wallse1
- Outcome
- extractable activities of the isoflavonoid biosynthetic enzymese0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This was preceded by increases in the extractable activities of the isoflavonoid biosynthetic enzymes l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate coenzyme A-ligase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, and isoflavone O-methyltransferase.”
t0“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)”
e1“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cell suspension cultures accumulated high concentrations of the pterocarpan phytoalexin medicarpin, reaching a maximum within 24 hours after exposure to an elicitor preparation from cell walls of the phytopathogenic fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pectic polysaccharides weakly elicited phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)Medicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Pectic polysaccharidese0
- Outcome
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activitye0
- Direction
- weak elicitorse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pectic polysaccharides were weak elicitors of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity”
t0“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pectic polysaccharides did not induce medicarpin accumulation.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)Medicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Pectic polysaccharidese0
- Outcome
- medicarpin accumulatione0
- Direction
- did not inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pectic polysaccharides were weak elicitors of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity but did not induce medicarpin accumulation”
t0“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced glutathione did not act as an elicitor.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)Medicago sativat0
- Treatment
- reduced glutathionee0
- Outcome
- elicitore0
- Direction
- totally inactivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced glutathione was totally inactive as an elicitor in this system.”
t0“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal extract weakly elicited lignin biosynthetic enzymes.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)Medicago sativat0
- Treatment
- fungal cell wall extracte0
- Outcome
- lignin biosynthetic enzymese0
- Direction
- weak elicitore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungal cell wall extract was a weak elicitor of the lignin biosynthetic enzymes, caffeic acid O-methyltransferase and coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase”
t0“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal extract did not appreciably increase chitinase or glucanase activity.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)Medicago sativat0
- Treatment
- fungal cell wall extracte1
- Outcome
- activities of the hydrolytic enzymes chitinase and 1,3-beta-d-glucanasee0
- Direction
- did not inducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not induce appreciable increases in the activities of the hydrolytic enzymes chitinase and 1,3-beta-d-glucanase.”
t0“Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)”
e1“The fungal cell wall extract was a weak elicitor of the lignin biosynthetic enzymes, caffeic acid O-methyltransferase and coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase, but did not induce appreciable increases in the activities of the hydrolytic enzymes chitinase and 1,3-beta-d-glucanase.”
The same questions in other papers
polysaccharide · molecular: metabolites · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
botanical · physiology: enzyme activity · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
resistance inducer · Colletotrichum lindemuthianum · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
resistance inducer · physiology: enzyme activity · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.