Abstract
The paper reports the inhibition model of the purified polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity from basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) with L-cysteine, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ascorbic acid, gallic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone, glutathione, sodium azide, benzoic acid, salicylic acid and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors using 4-methylcatechol, catechol and pyrogallol as substrates. The inhibitors such as salicylic acid, benzoic acid and EDTA did not inhibit Ocimum basilicum L. PPO for all substrates used in this study. Purification was carried out by precipitation of contaminating proteins with (NH4)2O4 dialysis of the supernatant and a Sepharose 4B-L-tyrosine-p-aminobenzoic acid affinity chromatography. The enzyme-catalysed browning reaction was significantly inhibited in the presence of L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone, glutathione, sodium azide and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors. It was found that the inhibition types were (i) competitive inhibition for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone and sodium azide inhibitors using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate; for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tropolone and glutathione inhibitors using catechol as a substrate; and for ascorbic acid inhibitor using pyrogallol as a substrate, (ii) uncompetitive inhibition for gallic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate; for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using catechol as a substrate; for tropolone and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors using pyrogallol as a substrate, (iii) noncompetitive inhibition for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate; for D,L-dithiothreitol and sodium azide inhibitors using catechol as a substrate; and for L-cysteine, glutathione and sodium azide inhibitors using pyrogallol as a substrate. Furthermore, tropolone was the most effective inhibitor for Ocimum basilicum L. PPO because of its low KI value. Results showed that the type of inhibition depended on the origin of the PPO studied and also on the substrate used.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid, benzoic acid and EDTA did not inhibit basil PPO for any substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum basilicumt0 - Treatment
- salicylic acid, benzoic acid and EDTAe1
- Outcome
- Ocimum basilicum L. PPOe1
- Direction
- did not inhibite1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“The inhibitors such as salicylic acid, benzoic acid and EDTA did not inhibit Ocimum basilicum L. PPO for all substrates used in this study”
Claim · model-written summary
L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone, glutathione, sodium azide and 4-aminobenzoic acid significantly inhibited the enzyme-catalysed browning reaction of basil PPO.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone, glutathione, sodium azide and 4-aminobenzoic acide2
- Outcome
- enzyme-catalysed browning reactione2
- Direction
- significantly inhibitede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e2“The enzyme-catalysed browning reaction was significantly inhibited in the presence of L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone, glutathione, sodium azide and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors”
Claim · model-written summary
Tropolone was the most effective inhibitor of basil PPO, because of its low KI value.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Compound
- tropolonee3
- Outcome
- most effective inhibitore3
- Qualifier
- because of its low KI valuee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e3“tropolone was the most effective inhibitor for Ocimum basilicum L. PPO because of its low KI value”
Claim · model-written summary
The type of inhibition depended on the origin of the PPO and on the substrate used.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Gene
- PPOe4
- Outcome
- type of inhibitione4
- Direction
- depended one4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e4“Results showed that the type of inhibition depended on the origin of the PPO studied and also on the substrate used”
Claim · model-written summary
Competitive inhibition of basil PPO by L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone and sodium azide with 4-methylcatechol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone and sodium azidee1
- Outcome
- competitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using 4-methylcatechol as a substratee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“competitive inhibition for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone and sodium azide inhibitors using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Competitive inhibition of basil PPO by L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tropolone and glutathione with catechol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tropolone and glutathionee2
- Outcome
- competitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using catechol as a substratee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“competitive inhibition for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone and sodium azide inhibitors using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
e2“for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tropolone and glutathione inhibitors using catechol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Competitive inhibition of basil PPO by ascorbic acid with pyrogallol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- ascorbic acide2
- Outcome
- competitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using pyrogallol as a substratee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“competitive inhibition for L-cysteine, ascorbic acid, D,L-dithiothreitol, tropolone and sodium azide inhibitors using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
e2“for ascorbic acid inhibitor using pyrogallol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Uncompetitive inhibition of basil PPO by gallic acid with 4-methylcatechol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- gallic acide1
- Outcome
- uncompetitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using 4-methylcatechol as a substratee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“uncompetitive inhibition for gallic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Uncompetitive inhibition of basil PPO by 4-aminobenzoic acid with catechol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- 4-aminobenzoic acide2
- Outcome
- uncompetitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using catechol as a substratee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“uncompetitive inhibition for gallic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
e2“for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using catechol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Uncompetitive inhibition of basil PPO by tropolone and 4-aminobenzoic acid with pyrogallol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- tropolone and 4-aminobenzoic acide2
- Outcome
- uncompetitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using pyrogallol as a substratee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“uncompetitive inhibition for gallic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
e2“for tropolone and 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitors using pyrogallol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Noncompetitive inhibition of basil PPO by 4-aminobenzoic acid with 4-methylcatechol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- 4-aminobenzoic acide1
- Outcome
- noncompetitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using 4-methylcatechol as a substratee1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“noncompetitive inhibition for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Noncompetitive inhibition of basil PPO by D,L-dithiothreitol and sodium azide with catechol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- D,L-dithiothreitol and sodium azidee2
- Outcome
- noncompetitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using catechol as a substratee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“noncompetitive inhibition for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
e2“for D,L-dithiothreitol and sodium azide inhibitors using catechol as a substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Noncompetitive inhibition of basil PPO by L-cysteine, glutathione and sodium azide with pyrogallol as substrate.
- Taxon
- Ocimum basilicumOcimum basilicumt0
- Treatment
- L-cysteine, glutathione and sodium azidee2
- Outcome
- noncompetitive inhibitione1
- Qualifier
- using pyrogallol as a substratee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Inhibition Kinetic of Ocimum basilicum L. Polyphenol Oxidase”
e1“noncompetitive inhibition for 4-aminobenzoic acid inhibitor using 4-methylcatechol as a substrate”
e2“for L-cysteine, glutathione and sodium azide inhibitors using pyrogallol as a substrate”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Ocimum basilicum (basil)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.