Abstract
The growth of suspension-cultured carrot (Daucus carota L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi) cells was inhibited by glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl]glycine). This inhibition was reversed by adding combinations of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan or casein hydrolysate. Casein hydrolysate and phenylalanine + tyrosine + tryptophan were the most effective treatments. Reversal of glyphosate-induced inhibition occurred only if the aromatic amino acids were added during the first 8 days of glyphosate incubation. Glyphosate uptake was not reduced when the aromatic amino acids or casein hydrolysate were added.Even though phenylalanine biosynthesis is a suggested site for glyphosate action, inhibitory levels of glyphosate did not lower free phenylalanine concentrations in carrot cells within 10 days. (14)C-Phenylalanine studies indicated that the metabolic pool size was, likewise, not decreased.In carrot cells total free amino acids increased within 6 hours after glyphosate addition. Cell protein levels declined within 48 hours following glyphosate treatment.Studies on (14)C-thymidine and (14)C-uridine incorporation were complicated by rapid metabolism of these compounds to (14)CO(2).
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate inhibited growth of cultured carrot and tobacco cells.
- Taxon
- carrot (Daucus carota L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi)
Daucus carota
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The growth of suspension-cultured carrot (Daucus carota L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi) cells was inhibited by glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl]glycine).”
Claim · model-written summary
Aromatic amino acid combinations reversed glyphosate growth inhibition.
- Taxon
- Carrot and TobaccoDaucus carotaNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- combinations of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophane0
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Comparator
- glyphosatee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This inhibition was reversed by adding combinations of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan or casein hydrolysate.”
t0“Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
e1“The growth of suspension-cultured carrot (Daucus carota L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi) cells was inhibited by glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl]glycine).”
Claim · model-written summary
Casein hydrolysate reversed glyphosate growth inhibition.
- Taxon
- Carrot and TobaccoDaucus carotaNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- casein hydrolysatee0
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Comparator
- Glyphosatet0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This inhibition was reversed by adding combinations of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan or casein hydrolysate.”
t0“Effect of Glyphosate on Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Rescue occurred only when aromatic amino acids were added within the first 8 days of glyphosate incubation.
- Taxon
- Carrot and TobaccoDaucus carotaNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- Reversal of glyphosate-induced inhibitione0
- Qualifier
- during the first 8 days of glyphosate incubatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reversal of glyphosate-induced inhibition occurred only if the aromatic amino acids were added during the first 8 days of glyphosate incubation.”
t0“Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Aromatic amino acids did not reduce glyphosate uptake.
- Taxon
- Carrot and TobaccoDaucus carotaNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- aromatic amino acidse0
- Outcome
- Glyphosate uptakee0
- Direction
- not reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate uptake was not reduced when the aromatic amino acids or casein hydrolysate were added.”
t0“Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Casein hydrolysate did not reduce glyphosate uptake.
- Taxon
- Carrot and TobaccoDaucus carotaNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- casein hydrolysatee0
- Outcome
- Glyphosate uptakee0
- Direction
- not reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate uptake was not reduced when the aromatic amino acids or casein hydrolysate were added.”
t0“Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate did not lower free phenylalanine in carrot cells within 10 days.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- inhibitory levels of glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- free phenylalanine concentrationse0
- Direction
- did not lowere0
- Qualifier
- within 10 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inhibitory levels of glyphosate did not lower free phenylalanine concentrations in carrot cells within 10 days”
Claim · model-written summary
The phenylalanine metabolic pool size did not decrease.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- metabolic pool sizee0
- Direction
- not decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“(14)C-Phenylalanine studies indicated that the metabolic pool size was, likewise, not decreased.”
t0“Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
e1“inhibitory levels of glyphosate did not lower free phenylalanine concentrations in carrot cells within 10 days”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate increased total free amino acids in carrot cells within 6 hours.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- glyphosate additione0
- Outcome
- total free amino acidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- within 6 hourse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In carrot cells total free amino acids increased within 6 hours after glyphosate addition.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cell protein levels declined within 48 hours after glyphosate treatment.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- glyphosate treatmente0
- Outcome
- Cell protein levelse0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- within 48 hourse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cell protein levels declined within 48 hours following glyphosate treatment.”
t0“Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Rapid metabolism to carbon dioxide complicated radiolabeled thymidine and uridine incorporation studies.
- Taxon
- Carrot and TobaccoDaucus carotaNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- (14)C-thymidine and (14)C-uridine incorporatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Studies on (14)C-thymidine and (14)C-uridine incorporation were complicated by rapid metabolism of these compounds to (14)CO(2).”
t0“Carrot and Tobacco Cells”
The same questions in other papers
tryptophan · disease · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
glyphosate · growth · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
glyphosate · molecular: metabolites · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
glyphosate · growth · Daucus carota (carrot)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.