Abstract
Crop breeders in the semi-arid tropics often confront a combination of moisture and nutrient stress in their target production environments. Stability of performance under stress conditions is, thus, a desirable goal for crop improvement. The objectives of these studies were (1) to explore the extent of genetic variability among recombinant inbred lines of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in high and low fertility as well as in irrigated and rainfed conditions, and (2) to predict and measure the correlated responses of sorghum yields when selection is exercised in either one environment or a combination of contrasting environments. We evaluated 57 unselected recombinant inbred (RI) sorghum lines. Large differences in yield, height, and maturity were detected among lines in each contrasting environment. Genetic variance and heritability estimates for each trait in each stress environment did not differ significantly from those in the corresponding non-stress environments. For improving yield under stress, indirect selection in high fertility or in the irrigated environment was less efficient than direct selection in the corresponding stress environment (low fertility or rainfed). When indirect selection involved yield combinations from low and high fertility or rainfed and irrigated conditions, at least five lines appeared among the 10 top-ranking lines of each contrasting environment. Thus, greater gain in performance over contrasting environments may be achieved by selecting for yield in more than one environment, rather than by selecting in any single environment. Key Words: Crop improvement, genetic variance, heritability, irrigated, rainfed Résumé Les reproductions de plante dans les tropiques semi-arides sont souvent confrontés à la combinaison de l'humidité et au stress des substances nutritives dans leurs environnements de productions visés. La stabilité de performance sous des conditions de stress est, ainsi, un objetif désirable pour l'amélioration de plante. Les objectifs de ces études étaient (1) d'explorer l'étendue de la variabilité génetique entre les races consanguines des recombinants de sorgho (Sorghum bicolor) en forte et faible fertilité ainsi que dans des conditions d'irrigation et pluies, et (2) prédire et mesurer les réponses corrélées des rendements de sorgho quand la sélection est exercée dans un seul environnement ou une combinaison contrastée d'environnements. Nous avons évalué 57 lignes consanguines des recombinants de sorgho non sélectionnées (RI). Des larges différences en rendement, hauteur et maturité étaient detectées entre les races dans chaque environnement contrasté. La variance génetique et les prévisions d'héritage pour chaque trait et chaque stress d'environnment n'ont pas différé de manière significative des correspondants en environnments non stressés. Pour améliorer le rendement sous stress, la sélection indirecte en haute fertilité ou en environnemnt irrigué étaient moins efficace que les sélection directe en environnement correspondant stressé (faible fertilité ou pluie). Quand la sélection indirecte a impliqué des combinaisons de rendements de faible et fertilité élevée ou conditions pluvieuses et irriguées, au moins cinq races ont apparu pami les 10 premiers classements des races de chaque environnement contrasté. Ainsi, un grand gain en performance au-délà des environnements contrastés peut- être atteint par sélection pour rendement dans plus d'un environnement, plutot que par sélection dans n'importe un seul environnement. Mots Clés: Amélioration de la plante, variance génetique, en héritage, irriué, pluvieux (Af Crop Sci J 2003 Vol 11 No 2 pp55-64)
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Large differences in yield, height and maturity were detected among the sorghum lines in each contrasting environment.
- Outcome
- yield, height, and maturitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e1“Large differences in yield, height, and maturity were detected among lines in each contrasting environment”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic variance and heritability estimates in each stress environment did not differ significantly from those in the corresponding non-stress environments.
- Outcome
- Genetic variance and heritability estimatese1
- Direction
- did not differ significantlye1
- Comparator
- non-stress environmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e1“Genetic variance and heritability estimates for each trait in each stress environment did not differ significantly from those in the corresponding non-stress environments”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
For improving yield under stress, indirect selection in high fertility or irrigated environments was less efficient than direct selection in the corresponding stress environment.
- Treatment
- indirect selection in high fertility or in the irrigated environmente1
- Outcome
- improving yield under stresse1
- Direction
- less efficiente1
- Comparator
- direct selection in the corresponding stress environmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e1“For improving yield under stress, indirect selection in high fertility or in the irrigated environment was less efficient than direct selection in the corresponding stress environment”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
When indirect selection combined yields from contrasting environments, at least five lines appeared among the 10 top-ranking lines of each contrasting environment.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e1“at least five lines appeared among the 10 top-ranking lines of each contrasting environment”
t0“Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater gain in performance over contrasting environments may be achieved by selecting for yield in more than one environment rather than in any single environment.
- Outcome
- selecting for yield in more than one environmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e1“greater gain in performance over contrasting environments may be achieved by selecting for yield in more than one environment, rather than by selecting in any single environment”
t0“Sorghum”
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