Paper · 1993 · Experimental Agriculture

Effect of Heat and Drought Stress on Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor). I. Panicle Development and Leaf Appearance

P. Q. Craufurd; D. J. Flower; J. M. Peacock

8
claims
16
verbatim quotes
82
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Summary Seven sorghum lines, flowering from 50 to 87 days after sowing, were subjected to early drought stress, late stress, and both early and late stress in the field during the dry season in India. Panicle initiation was delayed by 2–25 days and flowering by 1–59 days by the drought stress treatments, the greatest effect being in the treatment subjected to both early and late stress. Stress increased the period between panicle initiation and flowering by retarding the rate of panicle development; when stress was severe panicle development stopped. Upon relief of stress following irrigation, panicle development resumed at rates comparable to those in a fully irrigated control. The rate of leaf appearance was affected in a similar manner to panicle development soon after water was withheld. Rate of leaf appearance and panicle development decreased as pre-dawn leaf water potential decreased and ceased at water potentials of −0.55 and −0.7 MPa, respectively.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought delayed panicle initiation by 2–25 days, most strongly with early plus late stress.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
drought stress treatmentse0
Outcome
Panicle initiatione0
Direction
delayede0
Value
2–25 dayse0
Qualifier
greatest effect being in the treatment subjected to both early and late stresse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Panicle initiation was delayed by 2–25 days and flowering by 1–59 days by the drought stress treatments, the greatest effect being in the treatment subjected to both early and late stress.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–389 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought delayed flowering by 1–59 days, most strongly with early plus late stress.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
drought stress treatmentse0
Outcome
floweringe0
Direction
delayede0
Value
1–59 dayse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Panicle initiation was delayed by 2–25 days and flowering by 1–59 days by the drought stress treatments, the greatest effect being in the treatment subjected to both early and late stress.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 201–389 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑
Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Stress lengthened the interval from panicle initiation to flowering by slowing panicle development.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Outcome
period between panicle initiation and floweringe0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
retarding the rate of panicle developmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Stress increased the period between panicle initiation and flowering by retarding the rate of panicle development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 390–503 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Severe stress stopped panicle development.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
stresse0
Outcome
panicle development stoppede0
Qualifier
severee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“when stress was severe panicle development stopped.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 505–556 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation relief restored panicle development at rates comparable to a fully irrigated control.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
irrigatione0
Outcome
panicle developmente0
Direction
resumede0
Comparator
fully irrigated controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Upon relief of stress following irrigation, panicle development resumed at rates comparable to those in a fully irrigated control.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–687 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf appearance rate responded similarly to panicle development soon after water withholding.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Treatment
water was withhelde0
Outcome
rate of leaf appearancee0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The rate of leaf appearance was affected in a similar manner to panicle development soon after water was withheld.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 688–802 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf appearance rate decreased with pre-dawn leaf water potential and ceased at −0.55 MPa.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Organ / stage
leafe0
Outcome
Rate of leaf appearancee0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
−0.55e0
Qualifier
pre-dawn leaf water potential decreasede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rate of leaf appearance and panicle development decreased as pre-dawn leaf water potential decreased and ceased at water potentials of −0.55 and −0.7 MPa, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–971 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Panicle development decreased with pre-dawn leaf water potential and ceased at −0.7 MPa.

Taxon
SorghumSorghumt0
Organ / stage
leafe0
Outcome
panicle developmente0
Direction
decreasede0
Value
−0.7 MPae0
Qualifier
pre-dawn leaf water potential decreasede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Sorghum
Sorghum · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)Evelyn Simak · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rate of leaf appearance and panicle development decreased as pre-dawn leaf water potential decreased and ceased at water potentials of −0.55 and −0.7 MPa, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–971 · show in text ↑
t0

“Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–62 · show in text ↑

drought · yield · SorghumResults differ

55 papers: 8 positive, 47 negative or no effect

46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

51 papers more in this group

See all 55 papers →

irrigation · yield · SorghumPositive and negative results

131 papers: 94 positive, 37 negative or no effect

93 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

127 papers more in this group

See all 131 papers →

drought · phenology · SorghumResults agree

4 papers: 0 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative
See all 4 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.