Abstract
Nicotiana glauca, a shrub native to southern South America, is widely distributed in the Americas, from Patagonia to the USA, from zero up to 3,700 m; it rapidly invades disturbed environments. In Venezuela, it has been reported from zero up to 2,000 m growing in contrasting conditions of relative humidity, temperature, rainfall, and salinity. In order to gain insight into the extent and mode of resistance to drought and salinity in N. glauca, we studied the effect of these factors on water relations and photosynthesis under both natural and greenhouse conditions. In the field, water potential, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs), but not relative water content (RWC) decreased because of drought. Manual removal of epicuticular wax increased excess energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching without altering the capacity of photochemical quenching. In the greenhouse, water deficit as well as salinity resulted in osmotic adjustment; at the end of the experiment, turgor potential and RWC under water deficit were similar to control and higher under salinity. Water deficit and salinity caused marked decreases in A and gs. There were very few or no changes with natural drought, salinity or experimental water deficit in potential quantum efficiency of PSII, which could be explained partly by an increased non-photochemical quenching. We conclude that the partial tolerance to drought and salinity in plants of N. glauca resides in their ability to achieve water conservation through stomatal closure and osmotic adjustment, reduce absorption of excess radiation through the presence of leaf wax and dissipate it through increased non-photochemical quenching. All these characteristics confer plants of N. glauca advantages to invade disturbed areas, subject to salinity and/or seasonal drought under high irradiance.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, drought decreased water potential, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs) of Nicotiana glauca.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glauca
Nicotiana glaucat0 - Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- water potential, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Setting
- In the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e0“In the field, water potential, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs), but not relative water content (RWC) decreased because of drought”
Claim · model-written summary
In the field, relative water content of Nicotiana glauca did not decrease with drought.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- relative water content (RWC)e0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Setting
- In the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e0“In the field, water potential, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs), but not relative water content (RWC) decreased because of drought”
Claim · model-written summary
Manual removal of epicuticular wax increased excess energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching in Nicotiana glauca.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- Manual removal of epicuticular waxe1
- Outcome
- excess energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenchinge1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e1“Manual removal of epicuticular wax increased excess energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching without altering the capacity of photochemical quenching”
Claim · model-written summary
Manual removal of epicuticular wax did not alter the capacity of photochemical quenching in Nicotiana glauca.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- Manual removal of epicuticular waxe1
- Outcome
- capacity of photochemical quenchinge1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e1“Manual removal of epicuticular wax increased excess energy dissipation through non-photochemical quenching without altering the capacity of photochemical quenching”
Claim · model-written summary
In the greenhouse, water deficit as well as salinity resulted in osmotic adjustment in Nicotiana glauca.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- water deficit as well as salinitye2
- Outcome
- osmotic adjustmente2
- Setting
- greenhousee2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e2“In the greenhouse, water deficit as well as salinity resulted in osmotic adjustment”
Claim · model-written summary
At the end of the experiment, turgor potential and relative water content under water deficit were similar to control.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- water deficite3
- Outcome
- turgor potential and RWCe3
- Direction
- similare3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e3“at the end of the experiment, turgor potential and RWC under water deficit were similar to control and higher under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
At the end of the experiment, turgor potential and relative water content were higher under salinity than in control.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- salinitye3
- Outcome
- turgor potential and RWCe3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e3“at the end of the experiment, turgor potential and RWC under water deficit were similar to control and higher under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficit and salinity markedly decreased photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs) in Nicotiana glauca.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- Water deficit and salinitye4
- Outcome
- A and gse4
- Direction
- decreasese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e4“Water deficit and salinity caused marked decreases in A and gs”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural drought, salinity or experimental water deficit caused very few or no changes in potential quantum efficiency of PSII in Nicotiana glauca.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Treatment
- natural drought, salinity or experimental water deficite5
- Outcome
- potential quantum efficiency of PSIIe5
- Direction
- no changese5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e5“There were very few or no changes with natural drought, salinity or experimental water deficit in potential quantum efficiency of PSII”
Claim · model-written summary
The change in potential quantum efficiency of PSII could be explained partly by an increased non-photochemical quenching.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Outcome
- potential quantum efficiency of PSIIe5
- Qualifier
- partly by an increased non-photochemical quenchinge6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e5“There were very few or no changes with natural drought, salinity or experimental water deficit in potential quantum efficiency of PSII”
e6“which could be explained partly by an increased non-photochemical quenching”
Claim · model-written summary
Partial tolerance to drought and salinity in Nicotiana glauca rests on water conservation through stomatal closure and osmotic adjustment.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Outcome
- partial tolerance to drought and salinitye7
- Qualifier
- water conservation through stomatal closure and osmotic adjustmente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e7“We conclude that the partial tolerance to drought and salinity in plants of N. glauca resides in their ability to achieve water conservation through stomatal closure and osmotic adjustment”
Claim · model-written summary
Nicotiana glauca traits confer advantages to invade disturbed areas subject to salinity or seasonal drought under high irradiance.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Outcome
- advantages to invade disturbed arease1
- Qualifier
- subject to salinity and/or seasonal drought under high irradiancee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e1“All these characteristics confer plants of N. glauca advantages to invade disturbed areas, subject to salinity and/or seasonal drought under high irradiance”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf wax reduces absorption of excess radiation in Nicotiana glauca.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana glaucaNicotiana glaucat0
- Outcome
- absorption of excess radiatione1
- Qualifier
- through the presence of leaf waxe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca”
e1“reduce absorption of excess radiation through the presence of leaf wax”