Abstract
In high‐tech, heated tomato glasshouses, stem infections caused by B otrytis cinerea usually end up girdling the stem, resulting in plant death and consequently high economic losses. Such infections originate primarily from wounds created during leaf pruning, a common cultural practice in which it is intended to remove leaves completely, resulting in smooth stem wounds. However, hasty leaf pruning often results in numerous petiole stubs accidentally left behind. In this study analysis of disease incidences clearly proved that pruning leaves flush to the stem resulted in absolute resistance of the stem wounds, whereas petiole stubs displayed a high level of susceptibility to B . cinerea . Postponing inoculation of wounds after pruning indicated that development of nearly complete resistance occurs within 48 h after deleafing. Monitoring of the wound wetness period showed that drying of the wound surface is not the cause of the decreased susceptibility, contrary to what was commonly believed. Tomato mutants deficient in disease signalling showed altered phenotypes for susceptibility to B . cinerea , indicating that defences against this pathogen in petiole stubs depend on ethylene signalling. Additionally, the decreased susceptibility of mutants deficient in the biosynthesis of jasmonates and abscisic acid suggest an antagonistic effect of these signal molecules. On the other hand, resistance of smooth stem wounds could not be altered by disruption of salicylic acid, ethylene, jasmonate or abscisic acid signalling. This indicates that this remarkable absolute resistance to B . cinerea does not depend on the major disease signalling pathways.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Flush pruning gave tomato stem wounds absolute resistance.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- pruning leaves flush to the steme0
- Interactor
- B . cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- resistance of the stem woundse0
- Direction
- absolute resistancee0
- Comparator
- petiole stubse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pruning leaves flush to the stem resulted in absolute resistance of the stem wounds, whereas petiole stubs displayed a high level of susceptibility to B . cinerea”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Petiole stubs were highly susceptible to B. cinerea.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- petiole stubse0
- Interactor
- B . cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- high level of susceptibilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“petiole stubs displayed a high level of susceptibility to B . cinerea”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Wound resistance became nearly complete within 48 hours after deleafing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- nearly completee0
- Value
- 48 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“development of nearly complete resistance occurs within 48 h after deleafing”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Wound drying did not explain the decline in susceptibility.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- decreased susceptibilitye0
- Qualifier
- drying of the wound surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drying of the wound surface is not the cause of the decreased susceptibility”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease-signaling mutants showed altered susceptibility to B. cinerea.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Material
- mutants deficient in disease signallinge0
- Interactor
- B . cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptibilitye0
- Direction
- alterede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato mutants deficient in disease signalling showed altered phenotypes for susceptibility to B . cinerea”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene signaling was implicated in petiole-stub defense.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- petiole stubse0
- Outcome
- defences against this pathogene0
- Qualifier
- ethylene signallinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“defences against this pathogen in petiole stubs depend on ethylene signalling”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonate-biosynthesis mutants had decreased susceptibility.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- mutants deficient in the biosynthesis of jasmonatese0
- Outcome
- susceptibilitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased susceptibility of mutants deficient in the biosynthesis of jasmonates and abscisic acid”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic-acid-biosynthesis mutants had decreased susceptibility.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Material
- mutants deficient in the biosynthesis of jasmonates and abscisic acide0
- Outcome
- susceptibilitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased susceptibility of mutants deficient in the biosynthesis of jasmonates and abscisic acid”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Smooth-stem wound resistance persisted despite salicylic acid, ethylene, jasmonate or abscisic acid signaling disruption.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- resistance of smooth stem woundse0
- Direction
- could not be alterede0
- Qualifier
- disruption of salicylic acid, ethylene, jasmonate or abscisic acid signallinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“resistance of smooth stem wounds could not be altered by disruption of salicylic acid, ethylene, jasmonate or abscisic acid signalling”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that smooth-wound resistance does not depend on major disease signaling pathways.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- B . cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- absolute resistancee0
- Qualifier
- major disease signalling pathwayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this remarkable absolute resistance to B . cinerea does not depend on the major disease signalling pathways”
t0“tomato”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.