Abstract
Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars with different levels of resistance to late blight, Russet Burbank (susceptible) and Kennebec (moderately resistant), after inoculation with single isolates representing Phytophthora infestans genotypes US‐1 (previously predominant, mildly aggressive) and US‐8 (currently predominant, highly aggressive). The accumulation of brown lignin‐like materials and an increase in the cell wall affinity to trypan blue 24 h after inoculation were observed in cv. Kennebec inoculated with US‐1, but not in Kennebec inoculated with US‐8, or cv. Russet Burbank inoculated with either US‐1 or US‐8. The expression of PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5 was investigated in three leaf strata (local, proximal and distal) and at different times after inoculation, using SYBR real‐time RT‐PCR. The activation of these defence‐related genes was affected not only by P. infestans genotype, but also by the potato cultivar and the proximity to the inoculation site. These genes were up‐regulated earlier in Kennebec than in Russet Burbank and in response to US‐1 than to US‐8. Over all, the earliest and strongest up‐regulation of these genes occurred in Kennebec inoculated with US‐1. Furthermore, PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 were down‐regulated at the site of infection while such down‐regulation was not observed for PR‐1 or PR‐5 . In parallel, the accumulation level and location of phenolics and rishitin matched those of PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 transcripts, respectively. These results strongly suggest that changes in either the activation or suppression of defence responses by the pathogen shape the level of susceptibility of potato cultivars to late blight.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
In Kennebec, US‐1 inoculation led to accumulation of brown lignin‐like materials 24 h after inoculation, not seen with US‐8 or in Russet Burbank.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume1 - Material
- Kennebece0
- Treatment
- inoculated with US‐1e0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestans
Phytophthora infestanse6pathogen - Outcome
- accumulation of brown lignin‐like materialse0
- Comparator
- Kennebec inoculated with US‐8e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of brown lignin‐like materials and an increase in the cell wall affinity to trypan blue 24 h after inoculation were observed in cv. Kennebec inoculated with US‐1, but not in Kennebec inoculated with US‐8, or cv. Russet Burbank inoculated with either US‐1 or US‐8”
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e6“inoculation with single isolates representing Phytophthora infestans genotypes US‐1”
Claim · model-written summary
In Kennebec, US‐1 inoculation increased cell wall affinity to trypan blue 24 h after inoculation, not seen with US‐8.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Material
- Kennebece0
- Treatment
- inoculated with US‐1e0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse6pathogen
- Outcome
- cell wall affinity to trypan bluee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- Kennebec inoculated with US‐8e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of brown lignin‐like materials and an increase in the cell wall affinity to trypan blue 24 h after inoculation were observed in cv. Kennebec inoculated with US‐1, but not in Kennebec inoculated with US‐8, or cv. Russet Burbank inoculated with either US‐1 or US‐8”
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e6“inoculation with single isolates representing Phytophthora infestans genotypes US‐1”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5 were up‐regulated earlier in Kennebec than in Russet Burbank.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Material
- Kennebece2
- Gene
- PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5e7
- Outcome
- expressione7
- Direction
- up‐regulatede2
- Comparator
- Russet Burbanke2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e2“These genes were up‐regulated earlier in Kennebec than in Russet Burbank and in response to US‐1 than to US‐8”
e7“The expression of PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5 was investigated in three leaf strata”
Claim · model-written summary
The defence-related genes were up‐regulated earlier in response to US‐1 than to US‐8.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Treatment
- US‐1e2
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse6pathogen
- Gene
- PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5e7
- Outcome
- expressione7
- Direction
- up‐regulatede2
- Comparator
- US‐8e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e2“These genes were up‐regulated earlier in Kennebec than in Russet Burbank and in response to US‐1 than to US‐8”
e7“The expression of PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5 was investigated in three leaf strata”
e6“inoculation with single isolates representing Phytophthora infestans genotypes US‐1”
Claim · model-written summary
The earliest and strongest up‐regulation of the defence-related genes occurred in Kennebec inoculated with US‐1.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Material
- Kennebece3
- Treatment
- inoculated with US‐1e3
- Gene
- PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5e7
- Outcome
- up‐regulatione3
- Direction
- strongeste3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e3“Over all, the earliest and strongest up‐regulation of these genes occurred in Kennebec inoculated with US‐1”
e7“The expression of PAL‐1, HMG‐2, PR‐1 and PR‐5 was investigated in three leaf strata”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 were down-regulated at the site of infection.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Organ / stage
- site of infectione4
- Gene
- PAL‐1 and HMG‐2e4
- Outcome
- down‐regulatede4
- Direction
- down‐regulatede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e4“PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 were down‐regulated at the site of infection while such down‐regulation was not observed for PR‐1 or PR‐5”
Claim · model-written summary
Down-regulation was not observed for PR‐1 or PR‐5 at the site of infection.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Organ / stage
- site of infectione4
- Gene
- PR‐1 or PR‐5e4
- Outcome
- down‐regulatione4
- Direction
- was not observede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e4“PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 were down‐regulated at the site of infection while such down‐regulation was not observed for PR‐1 or PR‐5”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolics and rishitin accumulation matched the locations of PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 transcripts in potato.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume1
- Gene
- PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 transcriptse5
- Outcome
- accumulation level and location of phenolics and rishitine5
- Direction
- matchede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Defence responses were investigated in two potato cultivars”
e5“the accumulation level and location of phenolics and rishitin matched those of PAL‐1 and HMG‐2 transcripts, respectively”
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See all 40 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.