Abstract
Although the patterns of starch metabolism in taproots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) have been characterized, little is known regarding the activities of starch-degrading enzymes in taproots of these species. Our objective was to determine how defoliation influences starch degradation and activities of amylases in taproots of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil. In Exp. 1, amylolytic activities and starch concentrations in taproots of defoliated and undefoliated plants were compared on days 0, 3, 7, 10, and 14 after defoliation. Taproot starch concentrations declined in defoliated plants, while increasing in taproots of undefoliated plants. Exoamylase activities in taproots of defoliated plants did not change with defoliation, while endoamylase activities increased 2-fold in defoliated alfalfa and 50% in defoliated birdsfoot trefoil plants when compared to undefoliated plants. In Exp. 2, activity and isoform complement of amylases were monitored during seedling development. High endoamylase activity was found in taproots of both species at all samplings. In contrast, exoamylase accumulated in taproots of alfalfa, but not birdsfoot trefoil, in a pattern similar to starch accumulation. As in Exp. 1, defoliation increased endoamylase, but not exoamylase activity in taproots of both species. Taproots of both species contained one major and two minor endoamylase isoforms, but the electrophoretic mobility of these isoforms differed between species. Activities of all isoforms, as indicated on starch-gel blots, increased in response to defoliation. These results indicate that defoliation increases activity of taproot endoamylases, whose activity is associated with taproot starch degradation.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation reduced taproot starch in both species.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae1 - Treatment
- defoliated plantse0
- Outcome
- Taproot starch concentrationse0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Comparator
- undefoliated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Taproot starch concentrations declined in defoliated plants, while increasing in taproots of undefoliated plants.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Undefoliated plants increased taproot starch over time.
Verbatim
e0“Taproot starch concentrations declined in defoliated plants, while increasing in taproots of undefoliated plants.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation did not change taproot exoamylase activity.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- defoliatione0
- Outcome
- Exoamylase activitiese0
- Direction
- did not changee0
- Comparator
- undefoliated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exoamylase activities in taproots of defoliated plants did not change with defoliation”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
e2“Taproot starch concentrations declined in defoliated plants, while increasing in taproots of undefoliated plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation increased alfalfa taproot endoamylase activity twofold.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Treatment
- defoliated alfalfae0
- Outcome
- endoamylase activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2-folde0
- Comparator
- undefoliated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“endoamylase activities increased 2-fold in defoliated alfalfa and 50% in defoliated birdsfoot trefoil plants when compared to undefoliated plants.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation increased birdsfoot trefoil taproot endoamylase activity 50%.
Verbatim
e0“endoamylase activities increased 2-fold in defoliated alfalfa and 50% in defoliated birdsfoot trefoil plants when compared to undefoliated plants.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both species had high taproot endoamylase activity at all samplings.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Organ / stage
- taprootse0
- Outcome
- High endoamylase activitye0
- Qualifier
- at all samplingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High endoamylase activity was found in taproots of both species at all samplings.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exoamylase accumulated in alfalfa taproots in a pattern like starch accumulation.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae0
- Organ / stage
- taprootse0
- Outcome
- exoamylase accumulatede0
- Direction
- accumulatede0
- Qualifier
- pattern similar to starch accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exoamylase accumulated in taproots of alfalfa, but not birdsfoot trefoil, in a pattern similar to starch accumulation.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exoamylase did not accumulate in birdsfoot trefoil taproots.
Verbatim
e0“exoamylase accumulated in taproots of alfalfa, but not birdsfoot trefoil, in a pattern similar to starch accumulation.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both species had one major and two minor taproot endoamylase isoforms.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Organ / stage
- Taprootse0
- Outcome
- one major and two minor endoamylase isoformse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Taproots of both species contained one major and two minor endoamylase isoforms”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Endoamylase isoform mobility differed between the species.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Outcome
- electrophoretic mobility of these isoforms differed between speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the electrophoretic mobility of these isoforms differed between species.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation increased all endoamylase isoform activities.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- defoliatione0
- Outcome
- Activities of all isoformse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Activities of all isoforms, as indicated on starch-gel blots, increased in response to defoliation.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Taproot endoamylase activity was associated with starch degradation.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Organ / stage
- taproote0
- Outcome
- taproot starch degradatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“taproot endoamylases, whose activity is associated with taproot starch degradation.”
e1“alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.