Abstract
1. Besides O. scintillans, which splits under ordinary circumstances in every generation into nearly equal groups of plants of the same type and others of the type of O. Lamarckiana, I have cultivated pedigree families of 4 other mutants of O. Lamarckiana which behave in the same manner. They have been designated as O. cana. O. pallescens, O. Lactuca, and O. liquida. Their Lamarckiana-like offspring are constant in their progeny. Besides the two main types, they produce, as a rule, a relatively high percentage of other mutants. 2. The specimens of the parental type are on the average produced in about 40 per cent, the other 60 per cent being Lamarckiana with some mutants; but these figures vary with the cultures and with the plants according to their individual strength. They may even increase, on very strong biennials, to 93-97 per cent for the parental type. 3. Dimorphic mutants of this type occur also in allied species of the biennis group, as has been discovered by Bartlett in the case of O. stenomeres mut. lasiopetala and described in this article for O. biennis Chicago mut. saligna. 4. In the crosses with older species or with O. Lamarckiana and its derivatives, O. cana follows exactly the type of the analogous crosses of O. scintillans and O. lata. 5. In the dimorphic mutants, the special characters are handed down to the next generation through the ovules only. The pollen lacks these characters, and is, so far as investigated, not different from that of pure O. Lamarckiana. 6. The dimorphic mutants constitute a group in which the hereditary phenomena are evidently independent of the externally visible characters of the special members of the group, but must be assumed to have the same intrinsic causes in the different cases.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Four additional Oenothera mutants split into parental and Lamarckiana like types each generation.
Verbatim
e0“I have cultivated pedigree families of 4 other mutants of O. Lamarckiana which behave in the same manner. They have been designated as O. cana. O. pallescens, O. Lactuca, and O. liquida.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamarckiana like offspring bred true.
- Outcome
- Lamarckiana-like offspring are constante0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Their Lamarckiana-like offspring are constant in their progeny.”
Claim · model-written summary
The dimorphic lines also produced a relatively high proportion of other mutants.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Besides the two main types, they produce, as a rule, a relatively high percentage of other mutants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Parental type specimens averaged about 40 per cent.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The specimens of the parental type are on the average produced in about 40 per cent, the other 60 per cent being Lamarckiana with some mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamarckiana like plants and mutants comprised about 60 per cent.
- Taxon
- Lamarckiana
_male_(11648348626).jpg?width=60)
Lamarckianae0 - Outcome
- Lamarckiana with some mutantse0
- Value
- 60 per cente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_male_(11648348626).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the other 60 per cent being Lamarckiana with some mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
Strong biennials reached 93-97 per cent parental type.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“They may even increase, on very strong biennials, to 93-97 per cent for the parental type.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimorphic mutants also occur among allied biennis species.
Verbatim
e0“Dimorphic mutants of this type occur also in allied species of the biennis group, as has been discovered by Bartlett in the case of O. stenomeres mut. lasiopetala and described in this article for O. biennis Chicago mut. saligna.”
Claim · model-written summary
Crosses of O. cana followed the pattern of analogous O. scintillans and O. lata crosses.
Verbatim
e0“In the crosses with older species or with O. Lamarckiana and its derivatives, O. cana follows exactly the type of the analogous crosses of O. scintillans and O. lata.”
Claim · model-written summary
Special mutant characters were transmitted through ovules only.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“In the dimorphic mutants, the special characters are handed down to the next generation through the ovules only.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollen lacked the special characters.
Verbatim
e0“The pollen lacks these characters, and is, so far as investigated, not different from that of pure O. Lamarckiana.”
Claim · model-written summary
Investigated pollen did not differ from pure O. Lamarckiana pollen.
Verbatim
e0“The pollen lacks these characters, and is, so far as investigated, not different from that of pure O. Lamarckiana.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer shared intrinsic causes independent of visible characters.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the hereditary phenomena are evidently independent of the externally visible characters of the special members of the group, but must be assumed to have the same intrinsic causes in the different cases.”