Abstract
Because of their sessile lifestyle, plants have evolved adaptations to environmental factors, including UV-B present in solar radiation. To gain a better understanding of the initial events in UV-B acclimation, we have analyzed a 10 min to 1 h time course of transcriptome responses in irradiated and shielded leaves, and immature maize ears to unravel the systemic physiological and developmental responses in exposed and shielded organs. After 10 min of UV-B exposure, 262 transcripts are changed by at least two-fold in irradiated leaves, and this number doubles after 1 h. Indicative of the rapid modulation of transcription, 130 transcripts are only changed after 10 min. This is true not only in irradiated leaves, but also in shielded tissues. After 10 min of exposure, the overlap in transcriptome changes in irradiated and shielded organs is significant; however, after 30 min of UV-B, there are only two transcripts showing similar UV-B regulation between the three organs; 35 are similarly regulated in both IL and SL. Therefore, at longer irradiation times, there is more specificity of responses, and these are organ-specific. We suggest that early signaling in different tissues may be elicited by common signaling pathways, while at longer exposure times responses become more specific. To identify metabolites as possible signaling molecules, we looked for compounds that increased within 5-90 min in both irradiated and shielded leaves, to explain the kinetics of profound transcript changes within 1 h. We found that myoinositol is one such candidate metabolite; and we also demonstrate that if 0.1 mM myoinositol is applied to leaves of greenhouse maize, some metabolites that are changed by UV-B are also changed similarly by the chemical treatment. Therefore, this metabolite can partially mimic UV irradiation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
After 10 minutes of UV-B, 262 transcripts changed at least twofold in irradiated leaves.
- Organ / stage
- irradiated leavese0
- Treatment
- UV-B exposuree0
- Outcome
- transcripts are changede0
- Value
- 262 transcriptse0
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 10 min of UV-B exposure, 262 transcripts are changed by at least two-fold in irradiated leaves”
t0“Maize Leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Transcript count doubled after one hour.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this number doubles after 1 h”
t0“Maize Leaf”
e1“After 10 min of UV-B exposure”
Claim · model-written summary
130 transcripts changed only after 10 minutes.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“130 transcripts are only changed after 10 min”
t0“Maize Leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Early transcript overlap between irradiated and shielded organs was significant.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 10 min of exposure, the overlap in transcriptome changes in irradiated and shielded organs is significant”
t0“Maize Leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
After 30 minutes only two transcripts were similarly UV-B regulated across three organs.
- Outcome
- transcripts showing similar UV-B regulatione0
- Value
- two transcriptse0
- Qualifier
- between the three organse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“after 30 min of UV-B, there are only two transcripts showing similar UV-B regulation between the three organs”
t0“Maize Leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
35 transcripts were similarly regulated in IL and SL.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“35 are similarly regulated in both IL and SL”
t0“Maize Leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Longer irradiation produced more organ specific responses.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at longer irradiation times, there is more specificity of responses, and these are organ-specific”
t0“Maize Leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Myoinositol increased in irradiated and shielded leaves.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compounds that increased within 5-90 min in both irradiated and shielded leaves, to explain the kinetics of profound transcript changes within 1 h. We found that myoinositol is one such candidate metabolite”
t0“Maize Leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Applied myoinositol altered some UV-B responsive metabolites similarly.
- Treatment
- 0.1 mM myoinositole0
- Outcome
- some metabolitese0
- Direction
- changed similarlye0
- Comparator
- UV-Be0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“if 0.1 mM myoinositol is applied to leaves of greenhouse maize, some metabolites that are changed by UV-B are also changed similarly by the chemical treatment”