Abstract
In most dicot plants, lateral root (LR) formation, which is important for the construction of the plant root system, is initiated from coordinated asymmetric cell divisions (ACD) of the primed LR founder cells in the xylem pole pericycle (XPP) of the existing roots. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs), ARF7 and ARF19, positively regulate LR formation through activation of the plant-specific transcriptional regulators LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN 16/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE 18 (LBD16/ASL18) and the other related LBD/ASL genes. The exact biological role of these LBD/ASLs in LR formation is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that LBD16/ASL18 is specifically expressed in the LR founder cells adjacent to the XPP before the first ACD and that it functions redundantly with the other auxin-inducible LBD/ASLs in LR initiation. The spatiotemporal expression of LBD16/ASL18 during LR initiation is dependent on the SOLITARY-ROOT (SLR)/IAA14-ARF7-ARF19 auxin signaling module. In addition, XPP-specific expression of LBD16/ASL18 in arf7 arf19 induced cell divisions at XPP, thereby restoring the LR phenotype. We also demonstrate that expression of LBD16-SRDX, a dominant repressor of LBD16/ASL18 and its related LBD/ASLs, does not interfere in the specification of LR founder cells with local activation of the auxin response, but it blocks the polar nuclear migration in LR founder cells before ACD, thereby blocking the subsequent LR initiation. Taken together, these results indicate that the localized activity of LBD16/ASL18 and its related LBD/ASLs is involved in the symmetry breaking of LR founder cells for LR initiation, a key step for constructing the plant root system.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
LBD16/ASL18 was specifically expressed in lateral root founder cells before their first asymmetric division.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Gene
- LBD16/ASL18e0
- Outcome
- specifically expressed in the LR founder cells adjacent to the XPP before the first ACDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LBD16/ASL18 is specifically expressed in the LR founder cells adjacent to the XPP before the first ACD”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
LBD16/ASL18 functioned redundantly with other auxin-inducible LBD/ASLs in lateral root initiation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- LBD16/ASL18e1
- Outcome
- LR initiatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it functions redundantly with the other auxin-inducible LBD/ASLs in LR initiation”
e1“LBD16/ASL18 is specifically expressed in the LR founder cells adjacent to the XPP before the first ACD”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The spatiotemporal expression of LBD16/ASL18 during lateral root initiation depended on the SLR/IAA14-ARF7-ARF19 module.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- LBD16/ASL18e0
- Outcome
- spatiotemporal expression of LBD16/ASL18 during LR initiatione0
- Qualifier
- SOLITARY-ROOT (SLR)/IAA14-ARF7-ARF19 auxin signaling modulee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The spatiotemporal expression of LBD16/ASL18 during LR initiation is dependent on the SOLITARY-ROOT (SLR)/IAA14-ARF7-ARF19 auxin signaling module.”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
XPP-specific LBD16/ASL18 expression in arf7 arf19 induced XPP cell divisions.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- arf7 arf19e0
- Treatment
- XPP-specific expression of LBD16/ASL18e0
- Outcome
- cell divisions at XPPe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“XPP-specific expression of LBD16/ASL18 in arf7 arf19 induced cell divisions at XPP”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
XPP-specific LBD16/ASL18 expression in arf7 arf19 restored the lateral root phenotype.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- arf7 arf19e0
- Treatment
- XPP-specific expression of LBD16/ASL18e0
- Outcome
- LR phenotypee0
- Direction
- restoringe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“XPP-specific expression of LBD16/ASL18 in arf7 arf19 induced cell divisions at XPP, thereby restoring the LR phenotype”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
LBD16-SRDX expression did not interfere with founder-cell specification and local auxin response.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- expression of LBD16-SRDXe0
- Outcome
- specification of LR founder cells with local activation of the auxin responsee0
- Direction
- does not interferee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of LBD16-SRDX, a dominant repressor of LBD16/ASL18 and its related LBD/ASLs, does not interfere in the specification of LR founder cells with local activation of the auxin response”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
LBD16-SRDX expression blocked polar nuclear migration in lateral root founder cells before asymmetric division.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- expression of LBD16-SRDXe0
- Outcome
- polar nuclear migration in LR founder cells before ACDe0
- Direction
- blockse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of LBD16-SRDX, a dominant repressor of LBD16/ASL18 and its related LBD/ASLs, does not interfere in the specification of LR founder cells with local activation of the auxin response, but it blocks the polar nuclear migration in LR founder cells before ACD”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
LBD16-SRDX expression blocked subsequent lateral root initiation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- expression of LBD16-SRDXe1
- Outcome
- subsequent LR initiatione0
- Direction
- blockinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it blocks the polar nuclear migration in LR founder cells before ACD, thereby blocking the subsequent LR initiation”
e1“expression of LBD16-SRDX, a dominant repressor of LBD16/ASL18 and its related LBD/ASLs, does not interfere in the specification of LR founder cells with local activation of the auxin response”
t0“Arabidopsis”
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