Abstract
Abstract Arrowleaf clover ( Trifolium vesiculosum Savi) has promise as an improved forage legume that is compatible with both warm and coolseason grass species. The objective of these studies was to evaluate factors influencing the potential of ‘Yuchi’ arrowleaf clover for high forage productivity with desirable symbiotic N 2 fixation. Effects of soil fertility and defoliation on arrowleaf clover growth, tillering, nodulation and nitrogenase activity (C 2 H 2 reduction) were determined for a 3‐year period. Relative N 2 fixation as fertilizer N equivalence (FNE) was determined with a combination of arrowleaf and crimson clover ( Trifolium incarnatum L.), interseeded with rye ( Secale cereale L.). Arrowleaf top growth, number of tillers, nodule mass, and nitrogenase (C 2 H 2 reduction) increased with defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatments in 3 years of field experiments on a Port silt loam (fine, silty, mixed, thermic Cumulic Haplustoll). Phosphorus was the first limiting factor. Fertilizer N equivalence of arrowleaf alone was 50 kg N ha −1 , with combined arrowleaf and crimson clover having an FNE of 89 kg N ha− 1 compared to NH 4 NO 3 fertilization for increased rye yield. Residual N fixed by the clovers increased subsequent monocultured rye yield equivalents to an FNE 111 kg N ha− 1 for arrowleaf clover alone and an FNE of 121 kg N ha− 1 for combined arrowleaf and crimson clovers.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation and P, K and Ca fertility increased arrowleaf top growth.
- Taxon
- Arrowleafe0
- Treatment
- defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatmentse0
- Outcome
- top growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Arrowleaf top growth, number of tillers, nodule mass, and nitrogenase (C 2 H 2 reduction) increased with defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation and P, K and Ca fertility increased arrowleaf tiller number.
- Taxon
- Arrowleafe0
- Treatment
- defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatmentse0
- Outcome
- number of tillerse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Arrowleaf top growth, number of tillers, nodule mass, and nitrogenase (C 2 H 2 reduction) increased with defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation and P, K and Ca fertility increased arrowleaf nodule mass.
- Taxon
- Arrowleafe0
- Treatment
- defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nodule masse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Arrowleaf top growth, number of tillers, nodule mass, and nitrogenase (C 2 H 2 reduction) increased with defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation and P, K and Ca fertility increased arrowleaf nitrogenase activity.
- Taxon
- Arrowleafe0
- Treatment
- defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nitrogenase (C 2 H 2 reduction)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Arrowleaf top growth, number of tillers, nodule mass, and nitrogenase (C 2 H 2 reduction) increased with defoliation and P, K, and Ca fertility treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus was the first limiting factor for arrowleaf clover.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorus was the first limiting factor.”
e1“Arrowleaf top growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Arrowleaf alone had fertilizer N equivalence of 50 kg N ha −1.
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizer N equivalence of arrowleaf alone was 50 kg N ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined arrowleaf and crimson clover had fertilizer N equivalence of 89 kg N ha− 1.
Verbatim
e0“combined arrowleaf and crimson clover having an FNE of 89 kg N ha− 1 compared to NH 4 NO 3 fertilization for increased rye yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual nitrogen fixed by arrowleaf alone raised subsequent rye yield equivalence to 111 kg N ha− 1.
- Taxon
- rye
Secale cerealee0 - Interactor
- arrowleaf clovere0other
- Outcome
- subsequent monocultured rye yield equivalentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 111 kg N ha− 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Residual N fixed by the clovers increased subsequent monocultured rye yield equivalents to an FNE 111 kg N ha− 1 for arrowleaf clover alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Residual nitrogen from combined arrowleaf and crimson clovers raised subsequent rye yield equivalence to 121 kg N ha− 1.
Verbatim
e0“an FNE of 121 kg N ha− 1 for combined arrowleaf and crimson clovers”