Abstract
The effects of the phyotoxin from the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, causing sheath blight on the expression of defense‐related proteins of rice were investigated. The toxin inactivated by chemical treatment and by the toxin‐inactivating enzyme α‐glucosidase produced by Trichoderma viride was used in the study along with the active toxin. Toxin inactivated by T. viride α‐glucosidase and sodium periodate caused significantly less damage and electrolyte leakage to test plants. The active toxin and the pathogen induced chitinase and ß‐1,3‐glucanase synthesis in rice plants, while the inactivated toxin did not have any effect on the expression of these pathogenesis‐related proteins. The toxin was found to suppress the peroxidase activity 72 h after inoculation and the inactivated toxin restored the activity as that of untreated plants. There was no remarkable change in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in rice sheath treated with both the forms of the toxin.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The active toxin induced chitinase and ß-1,3-glucanase synthesis in rice plants, while the inactivated toxin had no effect.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae2 - Treatment
- active toxine2
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie1pathogen - Gene
- chitinasee2
- Outcome
- chitinase and ß‐1,3‐glucanase synthesise2
- Direction
- inducede2
- Comparator
- inactivated toxine3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the phyotoxin from the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“The active toxin and the pathogen induced chitinase and ß‐1,3‐glucanase synthesis in rice plants”
e3“while the inactivated toxin did not have any effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen infection induced chitinase and ß-1,3-glucanase synthesis in rice plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- the pathogene2
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
- Gene
- chitinasee2
- Outcome
- chitinase and ß‐1,3‐glucanase synthesise2
- Direction
- inducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the phyotoxin from the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani”
e2“The active toxin and the pathogen induced chitinase and ß‐1,3‐glucanase synthesis in rice plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxin inactivated by T. viride α-glucosidase and sodium periodate caused significantly less damage and electrolyte leakage in test plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Treatment
- Toxin inactivated by T. viride α‐glucosidase and sodium periodatee4
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
- Outcome
- damage and electrolyte leakagee4
- Direction
- lesse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the phyotoxin from the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani”
e4“Toxin inactivated by T. viride α‐glucosidase and sodium periodate caused significantly less damage and electrolyte leakage to test plants”
e7“There was no remarkable change in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in rice sheath treated with both the forms of the toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
The toxin suppressed peroxidase activity in rice 72 h after inoculation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Treatment
- toxine5
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solaniRhizoctonia solanie1pathogen
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye5
- Direction
- suppresse5
- Qualifier
- 72 h after inoculatione5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the phyotoxin from the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani”
e5“The toxin was found to suppress the peroxidase activity 72 h after inoculation”
e7“There was no remarkable change in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in rice sheath treated with both the forms of the toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
The inactivated toxin restored peroxidase activity in rice to that of untreated plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Treatment
- inactivated toxine6
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye5
- Direction
- restorede6
- Comparator
- untreated plantse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The toxin was found to suppress the peroxidase activity 72 h after inoculation”
e6“the inactivated toxin restored the activity as that of untreated plants”
e7“There was no remarkable change in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in rice sheath treated with both the forms of the toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither form of the toxin caused a remarkable change in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in rice sheath.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Organ / stage
- sheathe7
- Treatment
- both the forms of the toxine7
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyasee7
- Outcome
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase activitye7
- Direction
- no remarkable changee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“There was no remarkable change in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in rice sheath treated with both the forms of the toxin”
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See all 5 papers →pathogen product · Rhizoctonia solani · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.