Abstract
Potential agronomic and soil conservation benefits of modified no‐till (NT) systems make them appealing for corn ( Zea mays L.) production in the northern Corn Belt where adoption of NT has been limited due to yield reductions on these colder soils. A 4‐yr (1997–2000) experiment was conducted on a high P– and K–testing Port Byron silt loam (fine silty, mixed, mesic typic Hapludoll) to determine the effects of four tillage systems [no‐till (NT), Rawson zone till (ZT), fall strip till (ST), and conventional tillage practice (CT)] on corn production and cone index (CI; penetrometer resistance) in continuous corn and corn following soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Eight treatments, four tillage systems (main plots) with starter fertilizer at rates of 0 and 168 kg ha −1 of a 9–10–24, were arranged in a split‐plot design with four replicates. Surface residue coverage after planting was maintained at high levels (>40%) with NT, ZT, and ST, whereas coverage averaged only 25% with the CT practice. Cone index during the period of early plant growth was significantly less for the ZT and ST systems compared with the NT and CT systems, but CI did not exceed 1.3 MPa. Four‐year average yields of continuous corn grain ranked according to tillage were CT > ZT = ST > NT. A significant tillage × year interaction indicated equal yields for CT and NT in the first 2 yr but 1.0 to 1.2 Mg ha −1 less with NT in the last 2 yr. Tillage system did not significantly affect corn grain yields following soybean when averaged across years. Starter fertilizer increased yields by 0.5 Mg ha −1 on this high‐testing soil for all tillage systems in both crop rotations. Surface residue and corn yields following corn and soybean can be optimized using modified NT systems (ZT and ST) and starter fertilizer in these well‐drained, loess soils.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Surface residue coverage after planting stayed high (>40%) with no-till, zone till and strip till.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- NT, ZT, and STe0
- Outcome
- Surface residue coveragee0
- Value
- >40%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Surface residue coverage after planting was maintained at high levels (>40%) with NT, ZT, and ST”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface residue coverage averaged only 25% with conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- CT practicee0
- Outcome
- coveragee0
- Value
- 25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“coverage averaged only 25% with the CT practice”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Cone index during early plant growth was significantly lower with zone till and strip till than with no-till and conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- ZT and ST systemse0
- Outcome
- Cone indexe0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- NT and CT systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cone index during the period of early plant growth was significantly less for the ZT and ST systems compared with the NT and CT systems”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Four-year average continuous corn grain yields ranked CT > ZT = ST > NT by tillage.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- tillagee0
- Outcome
- yields of continuous corn graine0
- Direction
- CT > ZT = ST > NTe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields of continuous corn grain ranked according to tillage were CT > ZT = ST > NT”
Claim · model-written summary
A significant tillage x year interaction indicated equal continuous corn yields for CT and NT in the first 2 years.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- equale0
- Qualifier
- in the first 2 yre0
- Comparator
- NTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“equal yields for CT and NT in the first 2 yr but 1.0 to 1.2 Mg ha −1 less with NT in the last 2 yr”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
In the last 2 years yields were 1.0 to 1.2 Mg per ha less with NT, per the significant tillage x year interaction.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- NTe0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 1.0 to 1.2 Mg ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- in the last 2 yre0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“equal yields for CT and NT in the first 2 yr but 1.0 to 1.2 Mg ha −1 less with NT in the last 2 yr”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage system did not significantly affect corn grain yields following soybean when averaged across years.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Tillage systeme0
- Outcome
- corn grain yields following soybeane0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tillage system did not significantly affect corn grain yields following soybean when averaged across years”
Claim · model-written summary
Starter fertilizer increased corn yields by 0.5 Mg per ha.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Starter fertilizere0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.5 Mg ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Starter fertilizer increased yields by 0.5 Mg ha −1”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that surface residue and corn yields following corn and soybean can be optimized using modified NT systems (ZT and ST) and starter fertilizer.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- Surface residue and corn yieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Surface residue and corn yields following corn and soybean can be optimized using modified NT systems (ZT and ST) and starter fertilizer”
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3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
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See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.