Paper · 2006 · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Zinc Transformations in Neutral Soil and Zinc Efficiency in Maize Fertilization

Jose M. Alvarez; Demetrio Gonzalez

8
claims
17
verbatim quotes
37
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The effect of six Zn sources (Zn-phenolate, Zn-EDDHA, Zn-EDTA, Zn-lignosulfonate, Zn-polyflavonoid, and Zn-glucoheptonate) was studied by applying different Zn levels to a representative Calcic Haploxeralf neutral soil (the predominant clay is montmorillonite) in incubation and greenhouse experiments. Zinc soil behavior was evaluated by sequential DTPA and Mehlich-3 extraction procedures. In the incubation experiment, the highest percentage recovery values of Zn applied to soil occurred in the water-soluble plus exchangeable fraction (29%) in fertilization with 20 mg of Zn kg(-1) of Zn-EDTA fertilizer. In the greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays L.), a comparison of different Zn carriers showed that the application of six fertilizers did not significantly increase the plant dry matter yield among fertilizer treatments. The highest yield occurred when 20 mg of Zn kg(-1) was applied as Zn-EDDHA fertilizer (79.4 g per pot). The relative effectiveness of the Zn sources in increasing Zn concentration in plants was in the following order: Zn-EDTA (20 mg kg(-1)) > Zn-EDDHA (20 mg kg(-1)) approximately Zn-EDTA (10 mg kg(-1)) > Zn-EDDHA (10 mg kg(-1)) approximately Zn-phenolate (both rates) approximately Zn-polyflavonoid (both rates) approximately Zn-lignosulfonate (both rates) approximately Zn-glucoheptonate (both rates) > untreated Zn. The highest amounts of Zn taken up by the plants occurred when Zn was applied as Zn-EDTA fertilizer (20 mg kg(-1), 7.44 mg of Zn per pot; 10 mg kg(-1) Zn rate, 3.93 mg of Zn per pot) and when Zn was applied as Zn-EDDHA fertilizer (20 mg kg(-1) Zn rate, 4.66 mg Zn per pot). After the maize crop was harvested, sufficient quantities of available Zn remained in the soil (DTPA- or Mehlich-3-extractable Zn) for another harvest.

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Claims 8

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zn-EDTA at 20 mg Zn kg(-1) gave the highest water-soluble plus exchangeable soil Zn recovery, 29%.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment
20 mg of Zn kg(-1) of Zn-EDTA fertilizere0
Outcome
water-soluble plus exchangeable fractione0
Direction
higheste0
Value
29%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the highest percentage recovery values of Zn applied to soil occurred in the water-soluble plus exchangeable fraction (29%) in fertilization with 20 mg of Zn kg(-1) of Zn-EDTA fertilizer.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 422–609 · show in text ↑
t0

“Maize Fertilization”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 60–79 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Six zinc fertilizers did not significantly increase maize dry matter yield among fertilizer treatments.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
six fertilizerse0
Outcome
plant dry matter yielde0
Direction
did not significantly increasee0
Comparator
fertilizer treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the application of six fertilizers did not significantly increase the plant dry matter yield among fertilizer treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 715–836 · show in text ↑
e1

“greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–663 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest maize dry matter yield, 79.4 g per pot, occurred with 20 mg Zn kg(-1) as Zn-EDDHA.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
20 mg of Zn kg(-1) was applied as Zn-EDDHA fertilizere0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
79.4 g per pote0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest yield occurred when 20 mg of Zn kg(-1) was applied as Zn-EDDHA fertilizer (79.4 g per pot).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 837–940 · show in text ↑
e1

“greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–663 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zn-EDTA at 20 mg kg(-1) was the most effective zinc source for increasing maize zinc concentration.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
Zn-EDTA (20 mg kg(-1))e0
Outcome
Zn concentration in plantse0
Direction
increasinge0
Comparator
Zn-EDDHA (20 mg kg(-1))e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The relative effectiveness of the Zn sources in increasing Zn concentration in plants was in the following order: Zn-EDTA (20 mg kg(-1)) > Zn-EDDHA (20 mg kg(-1))”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 941–1103 · show in text ↑
e1

“greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–663 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize zinc uptake reached 7.44 mg per pot with 20 mg kg(-1) Zn-EDTA.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse2
Treatment
Zn-EDTA fertilizer (20 mg kg(-1)e0
Outcome
Zn taken up by the plantse1
Direction
higheste1
Value
7.44 mg of Zn per pote0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Zn-EDTA fertilizer (20 mg kg(-1), 7.44 mg of Zn per pot; 10 mg kg(-1) Zn rate, 3.93 mg of Zn per pot)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1438–1539 · show in text ↑
e1

“The highest amounts of Zn taken up by the plants occurred when Zn was applied as”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1357–1437 · show in text ↑
e2

“greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–663 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize zinc uptake was 3.93 mg per pot with 10 mg kg(-1) Zn-EDTA.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse2
Treatment
Zn-EDTA fertilizere1
Outcome
Zn per pote0
Value
3.93 mg of Zn per pote0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“10 mg kg(-1) Zn rate, 3.93 mg of Zn per pot”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1495–1538 · show in text ↑
e1

“Zn-EDTA fertilizer (20 mg kg(-1), 7.44 mg of Zn per pot; 10 mg kg(-1) Zn rate, 3.93 mg of Zn per pot)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1438–1539 · show in text ↑
e2

“greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–663 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize zinc uptake was 4.66 mg per pot with 20 mg kg(-1) Zn-EDDHA.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
Zn-EDDHA fertilizer (20 mg kg(-1) Zn ratee0
Outcome
Zn per pote0
Value
4.66 mg Zn per pote0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Zn-EDDHA fertilizer (20 mg kg(-1) Zn rate, 4.66 mg Zn per pot)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1567–1629 · show in text ↑
e1

“greenhouse experiment with maize (Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 617–663 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

After maize harvest, soil retained sufficient extractable zinc for another harvest.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Outcome
available Zn remained in the soile0
Qualifier
for another harveste0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“After the maize crop was harvested, sufficient quantities of available Zn remained in the soil (DTPA- or Mehlich-3-extractable Zn) for another harvest.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1631–1782 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

235 papers: 199 positive, 36 negative or no effect

198 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

231 papers more in this group

See all 235 papers →

fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3,908 papers: 3,485 positive, 423 negative or no effect

422 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3,485 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

3,904 papers more in this group

See all 3,908 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.