Abstract
BACKGROUND: Fusarium head blight is a very important disease of small grain cereals with F. graminearum as one of the most important causal agents. It not only causes reduction in yield and quality but from a human and animal healthcare point of view, it produces mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) which can accumulate to toxic levels. Little is known about external triggers influencing DON production. RESULTS: In the present work, a combined in vivo/in vitro approach was used to test the effect of sub lethal fungicide treatments on DON production. Using a dilution series of prothioconazole, azoxystrobin and prothioconazole + fluoxastrobin, we demonstrated that sub lethal doses of prothioconazole coincide with an increase in DON production 48 h after fungicide treatment. In an artificial infection trial using wheat plants, the in vitro results of increased DON levels upon sub lethal prothioconazole application were confirmed illustrating the significance of these results from a practical point of view. In addition, further in vitro experiments revealed a timely hyperinduction of H2O2 production as fast as 4 h after amending cultures with prothioconazole. When applying H2O2 directly to germinating conidia, a similar induction of DON-production by F. graminearum was observed. The effect of sub lethal prothioconazole concentrations on DON production completely disappeared when applying catalase together with the fungicide. CONCLUSIONS: These cumulative results suggest that H2O2 induced by sub lethal doses of the triazole fungicide prothioconazole acts as a trigger of DON biosynthesis. In a broader framework, this work clearly shows that DON production by the plant pathogen F. graminearum is the result of the interaction of fungal genomics and external environmental triggers.
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Claims 2
Claim · model-written summary
Sublethal prothioconazole increased DON production after 48 hours.
- Taxon
- wheat plants
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- prothioconazolee0
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearumt0pathogen - Outcome
- DON productione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- 48 h after fungicide treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“sub lethal doses of prothioconazole coincide with an increase in DON production 48 h after fungicide treatment”
t0“Fusarium graminearum”
e1“using wheat plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The rise in DON levels with sublethal prothioconazole was confirmed in infected wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sub lethal prothioconazole applicatione0
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearumFusarium graminearumt0pathogen
- Outcome
- DON levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In an artificial infection trial using wheat plants, the in vitro results of increased DON levels upon sub lethal prothioconazole application were confirmed”
t0“Fusarium graminearum”
The same questions in other papers
prothioconazole · Fusarium graminearum · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.