Abstract
1. In feral guayule the diploids (2n = 36) reproduce sexually, but polyploids are facultative apomicts. A fertile polyhaploid with the diploid number of chromosomes but facultatively apomictic in its reproduction was crossed with a diploid. If the polyhaploid was used as a female, the following progeny classes resulted: maternals, diploid F1, triploids, and plants with higher chromosome numbers (doubtful cases). 2. The reciprocal cross, sexual diploid x polyhaploid, produced only diploid F1 plants. Diploid F1 from both types of crosses were almost entirely sexual; an exceptional unreduced egg was produced in one instance. Production of F2 and B1 generations was impaired by incompatibility (not sterility) among F1 sibs and between them and their recessive parent. 3. Triploids from the cross apomictic polyhaploid x sexual diploid were facultative apomicts. 4. Tetraploids produced by artificially doubling the chromosome number of diploids reproduced sexually on the whole-one exceptional maternal plant in the progeny may have arisen either by selfing or by apomixis. 5. It is concluded that the genes for apomixis in guayule are recessive but that dominance is reversed where two apomictic genomes combine with one sexual one. While apomixis, on the whole, is determined by the genotype, chromosome numbers may have modifying quantitative effects.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Feral diploid guayule reproduced sexually, whereas polyploids were facultative apomicts.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatum
.jpg?width=60)
Parthenium argentatumt0 - Material
- diploids (2n = 36)e0
- Outcome
- reproduce sexuallye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“In feral guayule the diploids (2n = 36) reproduce sexually, but polyploids are facultative apomicts”
Claim · model-written summary
Feral polyploid guayule were facultative apomicts.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Material
- polyploidse0
- Outcome
- facultative apomictse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“polyploids are facultative apomicts”
Claim · model-written summary
A female polyhaploid crossed with a diploid yielded maternal, diploid F1, triploid and higher chromosome number progeny.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Treatment
- polyhaploid was used as a femalee0
- Outcome
- maternals, diploid F1, triploids, and plants with higher chromosome numberse0
- Qualifier
- doubtful casese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“If the polyhaploid was used as a female, the following progeny classes resulted: maternals, diploid F1, triploids, and plants with higher chromosome numbers (doubtful cases)”
Claim · model-written summary
The reciprocal cross produced only diploid F1 progeny.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Treatment
- sexual diploid x polyhaploide0
- Outcome
- only diploid F1 plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“The reciprocal cross, sexual diploid x polyhaploid, produced only diploid F1 plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Diploid F1 progeny of both crosses were almost entirely sexual, with one exceptional unreduced egg.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Material
- Diploid F1e0
- Outcome
- almost entirely sexuale0
- Qualifier
- an exceptional unreduced egg was produced in one instancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“Diploid F1 from both types of crosses were almost entirely sexual; an exceptional unreduced egg was produced in one instance”
Claim · model-written summary
Incompatibility among F1 siblings and with their recessive parent impaired F2 and B1 production.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Outcome
- Production of F2 and B1 generationse0
- Direction
- impairede0
- Qualifier
- incompatibility (not sterility)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“Production of F2 and B1 generations was impaired by incompatibility (not sterility) among F1 sibs and between them and their recessive parent”
Claim · model-written summary
Triploids from an apomictic polyhaploid crossed with a sexual diploid were facultative apomicts.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Material
- Triploidse0
- Outcome
- facultative apomictse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“Triploids from the cross apomictic polyhaploid x sexual diploid were facultative apomicts”
Claim · model-written summary
Artificially doubled tetraploids generally reproduced sexually, with one exceptional maternal plant of uncertain origin.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Material
- Tetraploidse0
- Treatment
- artificially doubling the chromosome number of diploidse0
- Outcome
- reproduced sexuallye0
- Qualifier
- one exceptional maternal plant in the progeny may have arisen either by selfing or by apomixise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“Tetraploids produced by artificially doubling the chromosome number of diploids reproduced sexually on the whole-one exceptional maternal plant in the progeny may have arisen either by selfing or by apomixis”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded that guayule apomixis genes are recessive, with reversed dominance when two apomictic genomes combine with one sexual genome.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Gene
- genes for apomixise0
- Outcome
- are recessivee0
- Qualifier
- dominance is reversed where two apomictic genomes combine with one sexual onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“genes for apomixis in guayule are recessive but that dominance is reversed where two apomictic genomes combine with one sexual one”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded that genotype largely determines apomixis, with possible modifying quantitative effects of chromosome number.
- Taxon
- Parthenium argentatumParthenium argentatumt0
- Outcome
- apomixise0
- Qualifier
- determined by the genotype, chromosome numbers may have modifying quantitative effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Parthenium argentatum”
e0“apomixis, on the whole, is determined by the genotype, chromosome numbers may have modifying quantitative effects”