Abstract
The effects of five residual herbicides and two mixtures of herbicides on tree and weed growth were studied in two trials over two consecutive seasons in a young peach orchard at Bathurst, New South Wales. In the first trial, dichlobenil at 4.5 and 9.0 kg ha-1 increased tree growth and suppressed weeds, but the residual effects of the low rate were short; simazine (2.2 kg ha-1), trifluralin (2.2 kg ha-1) and simazine (1 1 kg ha-1) plus trifluralin (1.1 kg ha-1) also reduced weed incidence but did not improve tree growth. In the second trial, terbacil (2.2 kg ha-1) and mixtures of diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) and terbacil at 1.1 or 2.2 kg ha-1 effectively controlled weeds, giving faster tree growth. Terbacil (1.1 kg ha-1) and diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) suppressed broadleaf but not grass weeds. Terbacil (1.1 kg ha-1) improved tree growth only in the second season; diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) did not affect tree growth. None of the peach trees displayed toxic symptoms. The main weeds present in the trial site were: Amaranthus powellii, Chenopodium album, Polygonum aviculare, Lepidium hyssopifolum, Lactuca serriola, Rumex acetosella, Sonchus oleraceus, Plantago lanceolata, Cynodon dactylon, Bromus sp, and Eragrostis sp.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Dichlobenil at both rates increased peach tree growth.
- Taxon
- peach trees
Prunus persicat0 - Treatment
- dichlobenil at 4.5 and 9.0 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- tree growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dichlobenil at 4.5 and 9.0 kg ha-1 increased tree growth and suppressed weeds”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Dichlobenil at both rates suppressed weeds.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- dichlobenil at 4.5 and 9.0 kg ha-1e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weedse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dichlobenil at 4.5 and 9.0 kg ha-1 increased tree growth and suppressed weeds”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The low dichlobenil rate had short residual effects.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Outcome
- residual effectse0
- Qualifier
- low ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the residual effects of the low rate were short”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Simazine reduced weed incidence.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- simazine (2.2 kg ha-1)e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“simazine (2.2 kg ha-1), trifluralin (2.2 kg ha-1) and simazine (1 1 kg ha-1) plus trifluralin (1.1 kg ha-1) also reduced weed incidence but did not improve tree growth”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin reduced weed incidence.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- trifluralin (2.2 kg ha-1)e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trifluralin (2.2 kg ha-1) and simazine (1 1 kg ha-1) plus trifluralin (1.1 kg ha-1) also reduced weed incidence”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
The simazine and trifluralin mixture reduced weed incidence.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- simazine (1 1 kg ha-1) plus trifluralin (1.1 kg ha-1)e0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed incidencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“simazine (1 1 kg ha-1) plus trifluralin (1.1 kg ha-1) also reduced weed incidence”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Simazine, trifluralin, and their mixture did not improve tree growth.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- simazine (2.2 kg ha-1), trifluralin (2.2 kg ha-1) and simazine (1 1 kg ha-1) plus trifluralin (1.1 kg ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- tree growthe0
- Direction
- did not improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“simazine (2.2 kg ha-1), trifluralin (2.2 kg ha-1) and simazine (1 1 kg ha-1) plus trifluralin (1.1 kg ha-1) also reduced weed incidence but did not improve tree growth”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Terbacil at 2.2 kg ha-1 controlled weeds.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- terbacil (2.2 kg ha-1)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weedse0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“terbacil (2.2 kg ha-1) and mixtures of diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) and terbacil at 1.1 or 2.2 kg ha-1 effectively controlled weeds, giving faster tree growth”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Diuron and terbacil mixtures controlled weeds.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- mixtures of diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) and terbacil at 1.1 or 2.2 kg ha-1e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weedse0
- Direction
- controllede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mixtures of diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) and terbacil at 1.1 or 2.2 kg ha-1 effectively controlled weeds, giving faster tree growth”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Terbacil at 2.2 kg ha-1 and diuron-terbacil mixtures gave faster tree growth.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- terbacil (2.2 kg ha-1) and mixtures of diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) and terbacil at 1.1 or 2.2 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- tree growthe0
- Direction
- fastere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“terbacil (2.2 kg ha-1) and mixtures of diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) and terbacil at 1.1 or 2.2 kg ha-1 effectively controlled weeds, giving faster tree growth”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-rate terbacil suppressed broadleaf but not grass weeds.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Terbacil (1.1 kg ha-1)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- broadleaf but not grass weedse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Terbacil (1.1 kg ha-1) and diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) suppressed broadleaf but not grass weeds”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Diuron suppressed broadleaf but not grass weeds.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- diuron (1.1 kg ha-1)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- broadleaf but not grass weedse0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) suppressed broadleaf but not grass weeds”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Terbacil at 1.1 kg ha-1 improved tree growth only in the second season.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- Terbacil (1.1 kg ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- tree growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- only in the second seasone0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Terbacil (1.1 kg ha-1) improved tree growth only in the second season”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Diuron did not affect tree growth.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicat0
- Treatment
- diuron (1.1 kg ha-1)e0
- Outcome
- tree growthe0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“diuron (1.1 kg ha-1) did not affect tree growth”
t0“peach trees”
Claim · model-written summary
No peach trees displayed toxic symptoms.
- Taxon
- peach treesPrunus persicae0
- Outcome
- toxic symptomse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“None of the peach trees displayed toxic symptoms”
The same questions in other papers
Terbacil · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Results differ
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile · weed · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
simazine · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
diuron · growth · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
diuron · weed · Prunus persica (peach)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.