Paper · 1937 · Annals of Applied Biology

EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, AND MORE PARTICULARLY OF SOIL MOISTURE UPON THE EMERGENCE OF PEAS

R. HULL

9
claims
18
verbatim quotes
10
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

SUMMARY The emergence of pea seedlings is much, reduced under conditions of high soil moisture. Soil temperature is a factor of less importance. Under comparable conditions, the wrinkle‐seeded variety Gradus is more liable to fail in emergence than the round‐seeded variety Pilot. By dressing the dry seed with an organic mercurial compound, the stand of plants can be materially improved. The maximum load of fungicide which the dry seed is able to carry gives no visible check to the growth of the above‐ground part of the plant but an appreciable stunting of the tap root of the seedling has been demonstrated. Reduction in the stand of seedlings is chiefly due to the action of soil‐borne organisms. A species of Fusarium and a phycomycetous fungus, isolated from diseased seedlings, have been shown to be capable of causing a high mortality of pea seeds and seedlings under conditions of high soil humidity.

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Claims 9

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High soil moisture markedly reduced pea seedling emergence.

Treatment
high soil moisturee0
Outcome
emergence of pea seedlingse0
Direction
reducede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“The emergence of pea seedlings is much, reduced under conditions of high soil moisture”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 8–94 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil temperature was less important for pea emergence.

Treatment
Soil temperaturee0
Outcome
less importancee0
Direction
less importancee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“Soil temperature is a factor of less importance”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 96–143 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Gradus was more likely to fail emergence than Pilot under comparable conditions.

Material
Graduse0
Outcome
fail in emergencee0
Direction
more liablee0
Comparator
Pilote0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“Under comparable conditions, the wrinkle‐seeded variety Gradus is more liable to fail in emergence than the round‐seeded variety Pilot”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 145–279 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organic mercurial seed dressing materially improved the pea plant stand.

Treatment
dressing the dry seed with an organic mercurial compounde0
Outcome
stand of plantse0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“By dressing the dry seed with an organic mercurial compound, the stand of plants can be materially improved”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 281–388 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum fungicide load on dry seed caused no visible check to above-ground growth.

Treatment
maximum load of fungicidee0
Outcome
growth of the above‐ground part of the plante0
Direction
no visible checke0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“The maximum load of fungicide which the dry seed is able to carry gives no visible check to the growth of the above‐ground part of the plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 390–530 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum fungicide load stunted pea seedling tap roots.

Treatment
maximum load of fungicidee0
Outcome
tap root of the seedlinge0
Direction
stuntinge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“The maximum load of fungicide which the dry seed is able to carry gives no visible check to the growth of the above‐ground part of the plant but an appreciable stunting of the tap root of the seedling has been demonstrated”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 390–612 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soil-borne organisms chiefly caused the reduction in pea seedling stands.

Interactor
soil‐borne organismse0pathogen
Outcome
Reduction in the stand of seedlingse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“Reduction in the stand of seedlings is chiefly due to the action of soil‐borne organisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 614–702 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A Fusarium species caused high pea seed and seedling mortality under high soil humidity.

Interactor
A species of Fusariume0pathogen
Outcome
high mortality of pea seeds and seedlingse0
Qualifier
high soil humiditye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“A species of Fusarium and a phycomycetous fungus, isolated from diseased seedlings, have been shown to be capable of causing a high mortality of pea seeds and seedlings under conditions of high soil humidity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 704–911 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A phycomycetous fungus caused high pea seed and seedling mortality under high soil humidity.

Interactor
a phycomycetous funguse0pathogen
Outcome
high mortality of pea seeds and seedlingse0
Qualifier
high soil humiditye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lathyrus oleraceus
Lathyrus oleraceus · TaxonRenee Comet (photographer) AV Number: AV-9400-4164 · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“PEAS”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–101 · show in text ↑
e0

“A species of Fusarium and a phycomycetous fungus, isolated from diseased seedlings, have been shown to be capable of causing a high mortality of pea seeds and seedlings under conditions of high soil humidity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 704–911 · show in text ↑

fungicide · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results

12 papers: 10 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

8 papers more in this group

See all 12 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.