Abstract
Abstract Despite their economic importance, we understand very little about the mechanism leading to symptom formation in compatible virus infections. By applying a spatial analysis to advancing infection fronts, we have been able to relate molecular events in small groups of cells to a sequence of virus-induced changes. This sequence starts ahead of the main front of virus replication and virus protein accumulation and lasts beyond the time at which virus replication has ceased. The host changes include alterations in gene expression, physiology and cellular ultrastructure. The relationship between these effects has been analysed in comparative studies between different virus infections in different hosts and abiotic stress. The research points to there being common features for different viruses leading to common effects. Also, although many of the consequences of virus infection are similar to the effects of heat shock, there are sufficient differences to suggest that the two inducers use distinct control pathways. The immediate challenge for the future is to establish synchronous infections of tissues so that the complex relationship between the virus and the host can be investigated using temporal rather than spatial analyses.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Virus-induced host changes begin ahead of the replication front and persist beyond cessation of replication.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Outcome
- sequencee0
- Qualifier
- ahead of the main front of virus replicatione0
Verbatim
e0“This sequence starts ahead of the main front of virus replication and virus protein accumulation and lasts beyond the time at which virus replication has ceased.”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus infection alters host gene expression, physiology and cellular ultrastructure.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Outcome
- alterations in gene expression, physiology and cellular ultrastructuree0
Verbatim
e0“The host changes include alterations in gene expression, physiology and cellular ultrastructure.”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Different viruses appear to share features that lead to common host effects.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Outcome
- common effectse0
- Qualifier
- common features for different virusese0
Verbatim
e0“The research points to there being common features for different viruses leading to common effects.”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus infection and heat shock appear to use distinct control pathways despite similar consequences.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Outcome
- distinct control pathwayse0
- Qualifier
- similar to the effects of heat shocke0
Verbatim
e0“although many of the consequences of virus infection are similar to the effects of heat shock, there are sufficient differences to suggest that the two inducers use distinct control pathways.”
t0“plants”