Abstract
The influence of municipal sewage sludge (SL) as a soil amendment on the sorption and activity of the herbicide triasulfuron (TRS, [2-(2-chloroethoxy)-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide]) was studied. Weed control was checked in a greenhouse on a wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) crop. At the highest SL amount allowed by Italian regulation, TRS sorption onto soil increased by 7 times and weed control was unaffected. A vegetative bloom and an early heading phase were noted. To compare inorganic fertilization (N, P, and K) and SL amendment, a greenhouse fertilization experiment was carried out. The SL-amended crop developed larger leaf surfaces, higher biomass, and a forward heading compared to that fertilized with N, P, and K. The SL hormone-like activity was evaluated by measuring auxin- and gibberellin-like activity of sewage sludge.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
At the highest sewage sludge amount allowed by Italian regulation, triasulfuron sorption onto soil increased 7 times.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- highest SL amount allowed by Italian regulatione1
- Outcome
- TRS sorption onto soile1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 7 timese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control was checked in a greenhouse on a wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) crop”
e1“At the highest SL amount allowed by Italian regulation, TRS sorption onto soil increased by 7 times and weed control was unaffected”
Claim · model-written summary
At the highest sewage sludge amount, weed control in wheat was unaffected.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- highest SL amount allowed by Italian regulatione1
- Outcome
- weed controle1
- Direction
- unaffectede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control was checked in a greenhouse on a wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) crop”
e1“At the highest SL amount allowed by Italian regulation, TRS sorption onto soil increased by 7 times and weed control was unaffected”
Claim · model-written summary
A vegetative bloom and an early heading phase were noted in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- vegetative bloom and an early heading phasee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control was checked in a greenhouse on a wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) crop”
e2“A vegetative bloom and an early heading phase were noted”
Claim · model-written summary
The sewage-sludge-amended wheat crop developed larger leaf surfaces than the crop fertilized with N, P, and K.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SL-amendede3
- Outcome
- leaf surfacese3
- Direction
- largere3
- Comparator
- fertilized with N, P, and Ke3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control was checked in a greenhouse on a wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) crop”
e3“The SL-amended crop developed larger leaf surfaces, higher biomass, and a forward heading compared to that fertilized with N, P, and K”
Claim · model-written summary
The sewage-sludge-amended wheat crop had higher biomass than the crop fertilized with N, P, and K.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SL-amendede3
- Outcome
- biomasse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- fertilized with N, P, and Ke3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control was checked in a greenhouse on a wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) crop”
e3“The SL-amended crop developed larger leaf surfaces, higher biomass, and a forward heading compared to that fertilized with N, P, and K”
Claim · model-written summary
The sewage-sludge-amended wheat crop reached heading forward compared with the crop fertilized with N, P, and K.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SL-amendede3
- Outcome
- headinge3
- Direction
- forwarde3
- Comparator
- fertilized with N, P, and Ke3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed control was checked in a greenhouse on a wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) crop”
e3“The SL-amended crop developed larger leaf surfaces, higher biomass, and a forward heading compared to that fertilized with N, P, and K”
The same questions in other papers
organic · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.