Abstract
Among crop husbandry practices, wheat straw incorporation brought about a significant reduction in Cyperus rotundus population and soil solarization in Cynodon dactylon population at 20 DAS in soybean. The total monocot weed population due to these two treatments was thus significantly lower. Summer cowpea for fodder, on the contrary, recorded the highest population of Cynodon and total monocot weeds, but the population of Commelina benghalensis was zero/nil and Parthenium hysterophorus was greatly reduced. Wheat straw incorporation had significantly higher Trianthema portulacastrum population, which resulted in very high dicot and total weed population. At 40 DAS of soybean, total monocot weed distribution was almost similar to what observed at 20 DAS. However, total weed population was the lowest in soil solarization and differed significantly with others. The monocot, dicot and total weed dry weight followed similar trend as their respective population and soil solarization proved most superior. At harvest of wheat, wheat straw incorporation; however, recorded the lowest total weed dry weight comparable with soil solarization and summer cowpea for fodder. Soil solarization and wheat straw incorporation were at par with each other on soybean grain yield, but solarization recorded significantly higher grain yield than others. Repeated tillage with irrigation and summer cowpea for fodder also recorded soybean grain yield significantly higher than in control/farmers’ practice. Wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage with irrigation being at par with soil solarization recorded significantly greater number of ear-bearing tillers and grain yield of wheat. However, soil solarization recorded the highest system productivity in the soybean-wheat cropping system closely followed by wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage with irrigation.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw incorporation reduced Cyperus rotundus population at 20 DAS in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- wheat straw incorporatione0
- Interactor
- Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotunduse0weed - Outcome
- Cyperus rotundus populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat straw incorporation brought about a significant reduction in Cyperus rotundus population and soil solarization in Cynodon dactylon population at 20 DAS in soybean.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil solarization reduced Cynodon dactylon population at 20 DAS in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- soil solarizatione0
- Interactor
- Cynodon dactylon
Cynodon dactylone0weed - Outcome
- Cynodon dactylon populatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wheat straw incorporation brought about a significant reduction in Cyperus rotundus population and soil solarization in Cynodon dactylon population at 20 DAS in soybean.”
Claim · model-written summary
The two treatments lowered total monocot weed population.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- these two treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total monocot weed populatione0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total monocot weed population due to these two treatments was thus significantly lower.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer cowpea had the highest Cynodon and total monocot populations.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Summer cowpea for foddere0
- Interactor
- Cynodone0weed
- Outcome
- population of Cynodon and total monocot weedse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Summer cowpea for fodder, on the contrary, recorded the highest population of Cynodon and total monocot weeds, but the population of Commelina benghalensis was zero/nil and Parthenium hysterophorus was greatly reduced.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer cowpea had zero Commelina benghalensis population.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Summer cowpea for foddere0
- Interactor
- Commelina benghalensis
Commelina benghalensise0weed - Outcome
- population of Commelina benghalensise0
- Direction
- zero/nile0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Summer cowpea for fodder, on the contrary, recorded the highest population of Cynodon and total monocot weeds, but the population of Commelina benghalensis was zero/nil and Parthenium hysterophorus was greatly reduced.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer cowpea greatly reduced Parthenium hysterophorus.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Summer cowpea for foddere0
- Interactor
- Parthenium hysterophorus
Parthenium hysterophoruse0weed - Outcome
- Parthenium hysterophoruse0
- Direction
- greatly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Summer cowpea for fodder, on the contrary, recorded the highest population of Cynodon and total monocot weeds, but the population of Commelina benghalensis was zero/nil and Parthenium hysterophorus was greatly reduced.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw incorporation increased Trianthema and total weed populations.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Wheat straw incorporatione0
- Interactor
- Trianthema portulacastrum
Trianthema portulacastrume0weed - Outcome
- Trianthema portulacastrum populatione0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat straw incorporation had significantly higher Trianthema portulacastrum population, which resulted in very high dicot and total weed population.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil solarization gave lowest total weed population at 40 DAS.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- soil solarizatione0
- Outcome
- total weed populatione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 40 DAS of soybean, total monocot weed distribution was almost similar to what observed at 20 DAS. However, total weed population was the lowest in soil solarization and differed significantly with others.”
Claim · model-written summary
At wheat harvest, wheat straw incorporation had lowest total weed dry weight.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- wheat straw incorporatione0
- Outcome
- total weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- soil solarization and summer cowpea for foddere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At harvest of wheat, wheat straw incorporation; however, recorded the lowest total weed dry weight comparable with soil solarization and summer cowpea for fodder.”
Claim · model-written summary
Solarization gave higher soybean grain yield than other treatments.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- solarizatione0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil solarization and wheat straw incorporation were at par with each other on soybean grain yield, but solarization recorded significantly higher grain yield than others.”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated tillage with irrigation raised soybean grain yield over farmers practice.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Repeated tillage with irrigatione0
- Outcome
- soybean grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control/farmers’ practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Repeated tillage with irrigation and summer cowpea for fodder also recorded soybean grain yield significantly higher than in control/farmers’ practice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Summer cowpea raised soybean grain yield over farmers practice.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- summer cowpea for foddere0
- Outcome
- soybean grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- control/farmers’ practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Repeated tillage with irrigation and summer cowpea for fodder also recorded soybean grain yield significantly higher than in control/farmers’ practice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage gave more wheat tillers and grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage with irrigatione0
- Outcome
- number of ear-bearing tillers and grain yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- soil solarizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage with irrigation being at par with soil solarization recorded significantly greater number of ear-bearing tillers and grain yield of wheat.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil solarization gave the highest soybean-wheat system productivity.
Verbatim
e0“soil solarization recorded the highest system productivity in the soybean-wheat cropping system closely followed by wheat straw incorporation and repeated tillage with irrigation.”
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See all 989 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.