By organism › Green plants › Asteraceae › Parthenium hysterophorus

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Parthenium hysterophorus n-hexane extract inhibited Xoo by 63.7% at 100 ppm.

Taxon: Parthenium hysterophorusParthenium hysterophoruse1
Treatment: n-hexane extracte1
Interactor: Xooe0pathogen
Outcome: inhibitione1
Value: 63.7%e1
Qualifier: at 100 ppme1

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0
“was evaluated against Xoo”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 290–315

e1
“Parthenium hysterophorus n-hexane extract (63.7% inhibition at 100 ppm), D. ambrosioides n-hexane (55.2%), and A. visnaga n-hexane (167% at 25 ppm) showed significant antibacterial activity”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 620–809

Title

Biopesticidal potential of noxious weeds against leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae

Kashif Ahmed; Yaseen Ahmed; Muhammad Nauman Ahmad; et al. BioResources 2026. doi:10.15376/biores.21.1.1762-1778

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parthenium hysterophorus ethyl acetate extract promoted seed germination and growth by 31 to 70%.

Taxon: Parthenium hysterophorusParthenium hysterophoruse0
Treatment: ethyl acetate extractse0
Outcome: seed germination and growthe0
Direction: promotede0
Value: 31 to 70%e0

Verbatim

e0
“Parthenium hysterophorus (31 to 70%) and A. viridis (59 to 65%) ethyl acetate extracts promoted seed germination and growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 914–1037

Title

Biopesticidal potential of noxious weeds against leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae

Kashif Ahmed; Yaseen Ahmed; Muhammad Nauman Ahmad; et al. BioResources 2026. doi:10.15376/biores.21.1.1762-1778

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Electrolyte leakage was highest in the P. hysterophorus crude extract at 75%.

Taxon: P. hysterophorusParthenium hysterophoruse0
Treatment: crude extracte0
Outcome: Electrolyte leakagee0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 75%e0

Verbatim

e0
“Electrolyte leakage was highest in P. hysterophorus crude extract (75%) and lowest in D. ambrosioides n-hexane (17%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1234–1350

Title

Biopesticidal potential of noxious weeds against leaf blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae

Kashif Ahmed; Yaseen Ahmed; Muhammad Nauman Ahmad; et al. BioResources 2026. doi:10.15376/biores.21.1.1762-1778

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf water content fell more in P. hysterophorus (26%) than in S. faberi (23%) under drought.

Taxon: P. hysterophorusParthenium hysterophoruse1
Treatment: Drought stresse2
Outcome: reduction in LWCe1
Direction: more pronouncede1
Value: 26%e1
Qualifier: S. faberi (23%)e1
Comparator: S. faberie1

Verbatim

e1
“while the reduction in LWC was more pronounced in P. hysterophorus (26%) than in S. faberi (23%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 863–959

e2
“Drought stress significantly reduced LWC and stomatal conductance in both species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 780–861

Title

Leaf water content: an indicator of drought stress and glyphosate efficacy in two morphologically distinct weed species

Tasawer Abbas; Naila Farooq Weed Science 2026. doi:10.1017/wsc.2025.10082

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Drought stress significantly reduced leaf water content and stomatal conductance in both weed species.
Intervention effect Drought reduced stomatal conductance by 82% in P. hysterophorus.
Intervention effect Drought reduced stomatal conductance by 83% in S. faberi.
Intervention effect Severe drought reduced shikimic acid concentration by 41% to 59% in both weed species.
Intervention effect Severe drought significantly reduced glyphosate efficacy on the weed species.
Intervention effect Under severe drought, glyphosate suppressed weed mortality by up to 63% less.
Intervention effect Severe drought reduced glyphosate-driven biomass reduction by up to 58% in the weed species.
Association Shikimic acid concentration and weed mortality both correlated positively and strongly with change in leaf water content.
Intervention effect Glyphosate applied when leaf water content fell below 70% gave poor weed control at recommended field rates.
Recommendation Leaf water content should be used to monitor drought stress, schedule irrigation before glyphosate application and optimise the dose.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought reduced stomatal conductance by 82% in P. hysterophorus.

Taxon: P. hysterophorusParthenium hysterophoruse1
Treatment: Drought stresse2
Outcome: stomatal conductancee4
Direction: reductione4
Value: 82%e4
Qualifier: severee4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“while the reduction in LWC was more pronounced in P. hysterophorus (26%) than in S. faberi (23%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 863–959

e2
“Drought stress significantly reduced LWC and stomatal conductance in both species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 780–861

e4
“the reduction in stomatal conductance was severe and similar for both species (82% and 83%, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 961–1066

Title

Leaf water content: an indicator of drought stress and glyphosate efficacy in two morphologically distinct weed species

Tasawer Abbas; Naila Farooq Weed Science 2026. doi:10.1017/wsc.2025.10082

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Leaf water content fell more in P. hysterophorus (26%) than in S. faberi (23%) under drought.
Intervention effect Drought stress significantly reduced leaf water content and stomatal conductance in both weed species.
Intervention effect Drought reduced stomatal conductance by 83% in S. faberi.
Intervention effect Severe drought reduced shikimic acid concentration by 41% to 59% in both weed species.
Intervention effect Severe drought significantly reduced glyphosate efficacy on the weed species.
Intervention effect Under severe drought, glyphosate suppressed weed mortality by up to 63% less.
Intervention effect Severe drought reduced glyphosate-driven biomass reduction by up to 58% in the weed species.
Association Shikimic acid concentration and weed mortality both correlated positively and strongly with change in leaf water content.
Intervention effect Glyphosate applied when leaf water content fell below 70% gave poor weed control at recommended field rates.
Recommendation Leaf water content should be used to monitor drought stress, schedule irrigation before glyphosate application and optimise the dose.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Most farmers (92%) identify parthenium weed at young and flowering stages.

Taxon: Parthenium hysterophorus L.Parthenium hysterophoruse0
Organ / stage: young and flowering stagese1
Outcome: identify parthenium weede1
Value: 92%e1

Verbatim

e0
“Parthenium weed ( Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is an invasive alien plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–82

e1
“majority of farmers (92%) were able to identify parthenium weed at young and flowering stages”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 417–510

Title

Farmer perceptions of the impact and management of parthenium weed in eastern Bhutan

Sangay Dorji; Ali Bajwa; Asad Shabbir; et al. Biological Invasions 2026. doi:10.1007/s10530-026-03871-x

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Most farmers (78%) observed parthenium weed mainly during summer.
Observation Parthenium weed infestations are most frequently observed along roadsides (89% of farmers).
Observation Parthenium weed infestations are observed in dryland crops (35%).
Observation Parthenium weed infestations are observed in paddy fields (34%).
Observation Parthenium weed infestations are not found around irrigation channels or forests.
Observation Most farmers (36%) sighted parthenium weed 6–10 years ago.
Observation 88% of farmers perceive an increase of parthenium weed over the years.
Observation Farmers attribute the spread of parthenium weed largely to vehicle movement (55%).
Observation Most farmers (89%) perceive parthenium weed as invasive.
Observation Maize yield losses are reported by farmers at 12%.
Observation Rice yield losses are reported by farmers at 13%.
Observation About 29% of farmers perceive crop yield losses from parthenium weed.
Observation Livestock grazing on parthenium weed is noted by 24% of respondents.
Observation Only one farmer reported an ill effect of parthenium weed, tainted and poor-quality milk.
Observation Public health problems are reported by 59% of respondents.
Observation Itching is the most reported health problem (76% of farmers).
Observation Manual removal is the main control method, implemented by 97% of farmers at about US $150 per household per year.
Observation Most farmers (86%) perceive parthenium weed as a concern; 66% express the need for an awareness program.
Recommendation Awareness programs, early detection and control, and a policy to prevent spread are recommended for Bhutan.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Most farmers (78%) observed parthenium weed mainly during summer.

Taxon: Parthenium hysterophorus L.Parthenium hysterophoruse0
Outcome: observed ite1
Value: 78%e1
Qualifier: mainly during summere1

Verbatim

e0
“Parthenium weed ( Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is an invasive alien plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–82

e1
“78% observed it mainly during summer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 516–552

Title

Farmer perceptions of the impact and management of parthenium weed in eastern Bhutan

Sangay Dorji; Ali Bajwa; Asad Shabbir; et al. Biological Invasions 2026. doi:10.1007/s10530-026-03871-x

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parthenium weed infestations are most frequently observed along roadsides (89% of farmers).

Taxon: Parthenium hysterophorus L.Parthenium hysterophoruse0
Outcome: Infestationse1
Value: 89%e1
Setting: along roadsidese1

Verbatim

e0
“Parthenium weed ( Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is an invasive alien plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–82

e1
“Infestations were most frequently observed along roadsides (89% of farmers), in dryland crops (35%), and in paddy fields (34%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–680

Title

Farmer perceptions of the impact and management of parthenium weed in eastern Bhutan

Sangay Dorji; Ali Bajwa; Asad Shabbir; et al. Biological Invasions 2026. doi:10.1007/s10530-026-03871-x

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Most farmers (92%) identify parthenium weed at young and flowering stages.
Observation Most farmers (78%) observed parthenium weed mainly during summer.
Observation Parthenium weed infestations are observed in dryland crops (35%).
Observation Parthenium weed infestations are observed in paddy fields (34%).
Observation Parthenium weed infestations are not found around irrigation channels or forests.
Observation Most farmers (36%) sighted parthenium weed 6–10 years ago.
Observation 88% of farmers perceive an increase of parthenium weed over the years.
Observation Farmers attribute the spread of parthenium weed largely to vehicle movement (55%).
Observation Most farmers (89%) perceive parthenium weed as invasive.
Observation Maize yield losses are reported by farmers at 12%.
Observation Rice yield losses are reported by farmers at 13%.
Observation About 29% of farmers perceive crop yield losses from parthenium weed.
Observation Livestock grazing on parthenium weed is noted by 24% of respondents.
Observation Only one farmer reported an ill effect of parthenium weed, tainted and poor-quality milk.
Observation Public health problems are reported by 59% of respondents.
Observation Itching is the most reported health problem (76% of farmers).
Observation Manual removal is the main control method, implemented by 97% of farmers at about US $150 per household per year.
Observation Most farmers (86%) perceive parthenium weed as a concern; 66% express the need for an awareness program.
Recommendation Awareness programs, early detection and control, and a policy to prevent spread are recommended for Bhutan.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parthenium weed infestations are observed in dryland crops (35%).

Taxon: Parthenium hysterophorus L.Parthenium hysterophoruse0
Outcome: Infestationse1
Value: 35%e1
Setting: dryland cropse1

Verbatim

e0
“Parthenium weed ( Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is an invasive alien plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–82

e1
“Infestations were most frequently observed along roadsides (89% of farmers), in dryland crops (35%), and in paddy fields (34%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–680

Title

Farmer perceptions of the impact and management of parthenium weed in eastern Bhutan

Sangay Dorji; Ali Bajwa; Asad Shabbir; et al. Biological Invasions 2026. doi:10.1007/s10530-026-03871-x

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parthenium weed infestations are observed in paddy fields (34%).

Taxon: Parthenium hysterophorus L.Parthenium hysterophoruse0
Outcome: Infestationse1
Value: 34%e1
Setting: paddy fieldse1

Verbatim

e0
“Parthenium weed ( Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is an invasive alien plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–82

e1
“Infestations were most frequently observed along roadsides (89% of farmers), in dryland crops (35%), and in paddy fields (34%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 554–680

Title

Farmer perceptions of the impact and management of parthenium weed in eastern Bhutan

Sangay Dorji; Ali Bajwa; Asad Shabbir; et al. Biological Invasions 2026. doi:10.1007/s10530-026-03871-x

Other claims from this paper (19)

Parthenium hysterophorus 2,241 claims

2,241 claims