Abstract
Salinity is one of the major environmental threats for successful crop production, hampering plant growth due to the osmotic effect and nutritional and hormonal imbalances. The application of naturally occurring plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an emerging technology aimed at ameliorating the negative impact of salinity. However, the results obtained in the laboratory can sometimes not be reproduced in the field. The aim of the study reported here was to evaluate the effect of PGPR inoculation on seed germination in a saline environment under axenic conditions and on enhancement of the growth and yield of wheat under natural salt-affected field conditions. Wheat seeds were inoculated with pre-isolated strains of Pseudomonas putida , Enterobacter cloacae , Serratia ficaria , and Pseudomonas fluorescens and sown at different salinity levels (1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 dS m -1 ). Inoculation with these strains was found to enhance the germination percentage, germination rate, and index of wheat seeds up to 43, 51, and 123 %, respectively, over the uninoculated control at the highest salinity level. The potential of these PGPR for improving the growth and yield of wheat was also evaluated at two natural salt-affected sites. Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites. The inoculated plants also improved the nutrient status of the wheat plants. The inoculated plants had low sodium and high nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents. Our results show that such rhizobacterial strains may be used as an effective tool for enhancing plant growth under salinity stress and for maximizing the utilization of salt-affected soils.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased the germination percentage of wheat seeds by 43% over uninoculated controls at the highest salinity level
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Inoculation with these strainse0
- Interactor
- PGPRe2symbiont
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Value
- 43e0
- Qualifier
- at the highest salinity levele0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with these strains was found to enhance the germination percentage, germination rate, and index of wheat seeds up to 43, 51, and 123 %, respectively, over the uninoculated control at the highest salinity level”
e1“Wheat seeds were inoculated with pre-isolated strains of Pseudomonas putida , Enterobacter cloacae , Serratia ficaria , and Pseudomonas fluorescens”
e2“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased the germination rate of wheat seeds by 51% over uninoculated controls at the highest salinity level
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with these strainse0
- Interactor
- PGPRe2symbiont
- Outcome
- germination ratee0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Value
- 51e0
- Qualifier
- at the highest salinity levele0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with these strains was found to enhance the germination percentage, germination rate, and index of wheat seeds up to 43, 51, and 123 %, respectively, over the uninoculated control at the highest salinity level”
e1“Wheat seeds were inoculated with pre-isolated strains of Pseudomonas putida , Enterobacter cloacae , Serratia ficaria , and Pseudomonas fluorescens”
e2“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation increased the germination index of wheat seeds by 123% over uninoculated controls at the highest salinity level
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with these strainse0
- Interactor
- PGPRe2symbiont
- Outcome
- index of wheat seedse0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Value
- 123 %e0
- Qualifier
- at the highest salinity levele0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with these strains was found to enhance the germination percentage, germination rate, and index of wheat seeds up to 43, 51, and 123 %, respectively, over the uninoculated control at the highest salinity level”
e1“Wheat seeds were inoculated with pre-isolated strains of Pseudomonas putida , Enterobacter cloacae , Serratia ficaria , and Pseudomonas fluorescens”
e2“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR inoculation significantly increased growth and yield parameters of wheat at two natural salt-affected sites
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with PGPRe0
- Interactor
- PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- two natural salt-affected sitese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
e1“The potential of these PGPR for improving the growth and yield of wheat was also evaluated at two natural salt-affected sites”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR-inoculated wheat plants had improved nutrient status
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with PGPRe1
- Interactor
- PGPRe1symbiont
- Outcome
- nutrient statuse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculated plants also improved the nutrient status of the wheat plants”
e1“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR-inoculated wheat plants had low sodium content
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Inoculation with PGPRe1
- Interactor
- PGPRe1symbiont
- Outcome
- sodiume0
- Direction
- lowe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculated plants had low sodium and high nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents”
e1“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR-inoculated wheat plants had high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Inoculation with PGPRe1
- Interactor
- PGPRe1symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contentse0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inoculated plants had low sodium and high nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents”
e1“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobacterial strains may be an effective tool for enhancing wheat growth under salinity stress
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- rhizobacterial strainse0
- Outcome
- enhancing plant growth under salinity stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results show that such rhizobacterial strains may be used as an effective tool for enhancing plant growth under salinity stress”
e1“Inoculation with PGPR resulted a significant increase in the growth and yield parameters of wheat at both sites”
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