Paper · 1966 · Agronomy Journal

Effect of Plant Population and Row Spacing on Soybean Development and Production1

C. R. Weber; R. M. Shibles; D. E. Byth

12
claims
24
verbatim quotes
199
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Abstract Dry weight (DW) production of ‘Hawkeye’ soybeans ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) was highly correlated with leaf area index (LAI) accumulation. Those plant population‐arrangement combinations favoring a rapid attainment of high LAI (i.e., high plant populations and narrow row spacings) were those also having the greatest DW accumulation. However, the rate of DW production in soybeans was shown previously to be a function of LAI only up to a particular LAI. Further, maximum seed yield occurred at less than maximum LAI and at generally lower populations and narrower row spacings. Highest seed yield occurred in 10‐inch rows with 104,544 plants per acre, while DW was maximized in 5‐inch rows with 209,088 plants per acre. LAI and DW produced at stage 9 were not good predictors of seed yield. Plants produced at highest densities were taller, more sparsely branched, lodged more, and set fewer pods and seed than those plants at lower densities. Thus, the seed yield reduction resulting suggested more severe plant competition at higher plant densities. Plant spacing and population had a small effect on protein and oil content.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 12

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dry weight production of Hawkeye soybean was highly correlated with leaf area index accumulation.

Taxon
Glycine maxGlycine maxe1
Outcome
Dry weight (DW) productione1
Direction
highly correlatede1
Qualifier
with leaf area index (LAI) accumulatione1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Dry weight (DW) production of ‘Hawkeye’ soybeans ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill) was highly correlated with leaf area index (LAI) accumulation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–147 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combinations favoring rapid high LAI had the greatest dry weight accumulation.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
high plant populations and narrow row spacingse2
Outcome
DW accumulatione2
Direction
greateste2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e2

“Those plant population‐arrangement combinations favoring a rapid attainment of high LAI (i.e., high plant populations and narrow row spacings) were those also having the greatest DW accumulation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 149–343 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maximum seed yield occurred at less than maximum LAI and at lower populations and narrower row spacings.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
lower populations and narrower row spacingse3
Outcome
maximum seed yielde3
Direction
maximume3
Qualifier
at less than maximum LAIe3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e3

“maximum seed yield occurred at less than maximum LAI and at generally lower populations and narrower row spacings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 475–588 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Highest seed yield occurred in 10-inch rows at 104,544 plants per acre.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
10‐inch rows with 104,544 plants per acree4
Outcome
Highest seed yielde4
Direction
Higheste4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“Highest seed yield occurred in 10‐inch rows with 104,544 plants per acre”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 590–662 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dry weight was maximized in 5-inch rows at 209,088 plants per acre.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
5‐inch rows with 209,088 plants per acree5
Outcome
DWe5
Direction
maximizede5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e5

“while DW was maximized in 5‐inch rows with 209,088 plants per acre”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 664–730 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

LAI and dry weight at stage 9 were not good predictors of seed yield.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
LAI and DW produced at stage 9e6
Outcome
seed yielde6
Direction
not good predictorse6

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e6

“LAI and DW produced at stage 9 were not good predictors of seed yield”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 732–801 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plants at the highest densities were taller than plants at lower densities.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
highest densitiese7
Outcome
Plantse7
Direction
tallere7
Comparator
lower densitiese7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“Plants produced at highest densities were taller, more sparsely branched, lodged more, and set fewer pods and seed than those plants at lower densities”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–954 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plants at the highest densities were more sparsely branched than plants at lower densities.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
highest densitiese7
Outcome
branchede7
Direction
more sparsely branchede7
Comparator
lower densitiese7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“Plants produced at highest densities were taller, more sparsely branched, lodged more, and set fewer pods and seed than those plants at lower densities”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–954 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plants at the highest densities lodged more than plants at lower densities.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
highest densitiese7
Outcome
lodgede7
Direction
lodged moree7
Comparator
lower densitiese7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“Plants produced at highest densities were taller, more sparsely branched, lodged more, and set fewer pods and seed than those plants at lower densities”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–954 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plants at the highest densities set fewer pods and seed than plants at lower densities.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
highest densitiese7
Outcome
pods and seede7
Direction
set fewere7
Comparator
lower densitiese7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e7

“Plants produced at highest densities were taller, more sparsely branched, lodged more, and set fewer pods and seed than those plants at lower densities”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–954 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Seed yield reduction at high density suggests more severe plant competition.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Outcome
seed yield reductione1
Qualifier
more severe plant competition at higher plant densitiese1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Thus, the seed yield reduction resulting suggested more severe plant competition at higher plant densities”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 956–1062 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant spacing and population had a small effect on protein and oil content.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Plant spacing and populatione1
Outcome
protein and oil contente1
Direction
small effecte1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“Plant spacing and population had a small effect on protein and oil content”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1064–1138 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean Development”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–65 · show in text ↑

density · quality: oil · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

15 papers: 8 positive, 7 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

11 papers more in this group

See all 15 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.