Abstract
Summary Field experiments with rape ovs Primor, Jet Neuf and Norli during 1979–83 tested the effects of benomyl, prochloraz, imazalil, thiabendazole, metalaxyl or triadimefon sprays applied at different times on disease, crop growth and yield. The principal disease in all experiments was light leaf spot ( Pyrenopeziza brassicae ). A single spray in autumn of benomyl or prochloraz at 0·5 kg a.i./ha consistently decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot and sometimes decreased stem canker ( Leptosphaeria macvlans ). Under severe disease conditions in cv. Primor an autumn spray of fungicide contributed more to disease control than a spray in spring; a decrease in light leaf spot incidence was detectable up to 8 months after application. The autumn spray maintained plant population density, increased leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth rate, earliness of flowering, and yield by up to 0·69 t/ha; an autumn + spring spray increased yield by up to 0–83 t/ha. Effects on crop growth and yield were due to disease control not direct chemical stimulation of growth. Measurements of crop growth and population per unit area revealed the effects of fungicides more clearly than traditional disease assessments based solely on randomly selected plants. Triadimefon sprayed on rape stubble at high dose rate (1 kg a.i./ha) decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot throughout the growing season of a subsequent rape crop, with beneficial effects on plant population density, growth, flowering and yield. Electrostatically charged rotary atomizer and conventional hydraulic spray applications of fungicide were equally effective in disease control. A reduction to one quarter in dose rate of prochloraz and 100–fold reduction in amount of water carrier (125 g a.i. in 4·3 1/ha) when applied electrostatically in autumn or autumn + spring had similar effects on disease, crop growth and yield to those obtained with a conventional sprayer delivering 500 g a.i. prochloraz in 410 1/ha. Fungicides, spray timing and methods of application are discussed in relation to the epidemiology of light leaf spot and canker and the economics of disease control.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
benomyl autumn spray decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot.
- Taxon
- rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napust0 - Treatment
- benomyle0
- Interactor
- Pyrenopeziza brassicaePyrenopeziza brassicaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence and severity of light leaf spote0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“A single spray in autumn of benomyl or prochloraz at 0·5 kg a.i./ha consistently decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot and sometimes decreased stem canker ( Leptosphaeria macvlans ).”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
e1“The principal disease in all experiments was light leaf spot ( Pyrenopeziza brassicae ).”
Claim · model-written summary
benomyl autumn spray decreased stem canker.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- benomyle0
- Interactor
- Leptosphaeria macvlanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem cankere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A single spray in autumn of benomyl or prochloraz at 0·5 kg a.i./ha consistently decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot and sometimes decreased stem canker ( Leptosphaeria macvlans ).”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
prochloraz autumn spray decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- prochloraze0
- Interactor
- Pyrenopeziza brassicaePyrenopeziza brassicaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence and severity of light leaf spote0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A single spray in autumn of benomyl or prochloraz at 0·5 kg a.i./ha consistently decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot and sometimes decreased stem canker ( Leptosphaeria macvlans ).”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
e1“The principal disease in all experiments was light leaf spot ( Pyrenopeziza brassicae ).”
Claim · model-written summary
prochloraz autumn spray decreased stem canker.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- prochloraze0
- Interactor
- Leptosphaeria macvlanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem cankere0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A single spray in autumn of benomyl or prochloraz at 0·5 kg a.i./ha consistently decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot and sometimes decreased stem canker ( Leptosphaeria macvlans ).”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn fungicide spray improved plant population density.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- autumn spraye0
- Outcome
- plant population densitye0
- Direction
- maintainede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The autumn spray maintained plant population density, increased leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth rate, earliness of flowering, and yield by up to 0·69 t/ha; an autumn + spring spray increased yield by up to 0–83 t/ha.”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn fungicide spray improved leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth rate.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- autumn spraye0
- Outcome
- leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The autumn spray maintained plant population density, increased leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth rate, earliness of flowering, and yield by up to 0·69 t/ha; an autumn + spring spray increased yield by up to 0–83 t/ha.”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn fungicide spray improved earliness of flowering.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- autumn spraye0
- Outcome
- earliness of floweringe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The autumn spray maintained plant population density, increased leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth rate, earliness of flowering, and yield by up to 0·69 t/ha; an autumn + spring spray increased yield by up to 0–83 t/ha.”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn fungicide spray improved yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The autumn spray maintained plant population density, increased leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth rate, earliness of flowering, and yield by up to 0·69 t/ha; an autumn + spring spray increased yield by up to 0–83 t/ha.”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Autumn and spring spray increased yield by up to 0–83 t/ha.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Treatment
- autumn + spring spraye0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0–83 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The autumn spray maintained plant population density, increased leaf area index, dry matter, crop growth rate, earliness of flowering, and yield by up to 0·69 t/ha; an autumn + spring spray increased yield by up to 0–83 t/ha.”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Triadimefon on stubble improved incidence and severity of light leaf spot in the next rape crop.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- Triadimefon sprayed on rape stubble at high dose rate (1 kg a.i./ha)e0
- Outcome
- incidence and severity of light leaf spote0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triadimefon sprayed on rape stubble at high dose rate (1 kg a.i./ha) decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot throughout the growing season of a subsequent rape crop, with beneficial effects on plant population density, growth, flowering and yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Triadimefon on stubble improved plant population density, growth, flowering in the next rape crop.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- Triadimefon sprayed on rape stubble at high dose rate (1 kg a.i./ha)e0
- Outcome
- plant population density, growth, floweringe0
- Direction
- beneficial effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triadimefon sprayed on rape stubble at high dose rate (1 kg a.i./ha) decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot throughout the growing season of a subsequent rape crop, with beneficial effects on plant population density, growth, flowering and yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Triadimefon on stubble improved yield in the next rape crop.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- Triadimefon sprayed on rape stubble at high dose rate (1 kg a.i./ha)e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- beneficial effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Triadimefon sprayed on rape stubble at high dose rate (1 kg a.i./ha) decreased incidence and severity of light leaf spot throughout the growing season of a subsequent rape crop, with beneficial effects on plant population density, growth, flowering and yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Electrostatic and hydraulic spray applications controlled disease equally effectively.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Outcome
- disease controle0
- Direction
- equally effectivee0
- Comparator
- conventional hydraulic spray applicationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Electrostatically charged rotary atomizer and conventional hydraulic spray applications of fungicide were equally effective in disease control.”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
Claim · model-written summary
A lower prochloraz dose and water volume with electrostatic application had similar disease, growth and yield effects to conventional spraying.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napust0
- Outcome
- similar effects on disease, crop growth and yielde0
- Value
- 125 g a.i. in 4·3 1/hae0
- Comparator
- conventional sprayere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A reduction to one quarter in dose rate of prochloraz and 100–fold reduction in amount of water carrier (125 g a.i. in 4·3 1/ha) when applied electrostatically in autumn or autumn + spring had similar effects on disease, crop growth and yield to those obtained with a conventional sprayer delivering 500 g a.i. prochloraz in 410 1/ha.”
t0“winter oil-seed rape”
The same questions in other papers
triadimefon · disease · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
prochloraz · disease · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
benomyl · disease · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
triadimefon · yield · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
application · pest · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →application · disease · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →application · growth · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
43 papers more in this group
See all 47 papers →application · yield · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
84 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
89 papers more in this group
See all 93 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.