Abstract
Efficient N fertilization is crucial for economic wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) production and is of great agronomical and environmental significance. A study was conducted at 12 site‐years in eastern Canada to evaluate the effect of soil surface textural groups, N rate (0–200 kg N ha −1 ) and application timing on grain yield (GY), N uptake, nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUE), grain protein content (GPC), test weight, and thousand kernel weight (TKW). Chlorophyll meter readings (CMR) were taken at tillering and at flowering to assess in‐season wheat N nutrition. Fertilization and soil textural group effects were significant on all measured parameters and their interaction was significant on GPC, TKW, test weight, and CMR. Total N uptake and GPC ranged from 39 to 96 kg N ha −1 and from 13 to 18 g kg −1 , respectively, and total N uptake increased proportionally to N rates. Applying N levels >120 kg N ha −1 did not increase total yield, test weight, TKW, or CMR values. The variation in GY, N uptake, and GPC explained by the relative CMR taken at flowering was 87, 88, and 73%, respectively. This study demonstrates that in‐season wheat N nutrition can be monitored by CMR and that surface soil texture is an important parameter that influences wheat N response and wheat quality parameters. Applying half of the recommended rate (120 kg ha −1 ) at planting and the rest at tillering resulted in a high total yield, high grain N uptake, and the highest GPC price premium.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization and soil texture significantly affected all measured wheat traits.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“Fertilization and soil textural group effects were significant on all measured parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization interacted with soil textural group for grain protein content, thousand kernel weight, test weight and chlorophyll meter readings.
- Outcome
- GPC, TKW, test weight, and CMRe0
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentSettingDirection
Verbatim
e0“their interaction was significant on GPC, TKW, test weight, and CMR”
Claim · model-written summary
Total wheat nitrogen uptake ranged from 39 to 96 kg N ha −1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Total N uptake and GPC ranged from 39 to 96 kg N ha −1 and from 13 to 18 g kg −1 , respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat grain protein content ranged from 13 to 18 g kg −1.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Total N uptake and GPC ranged from 39 to 96 kg N ha −1 and from 13 to 18 g kg −1 , respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Total wheat nitrogen uptake rose in proportion to nitrogen fertilizer rate.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“total N uptake increased proportionally to N rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen rates above 120 kg N ha −1 did not increase total wheat yield, test weight or thousand kernel weight.
- Treatment
- N levels >120 kg N ha −1e0
- Outcome
- total yield, test weight, TKWe0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Applying N levels >120 kg N ha −1 did not increase total yield, test weight, TKW, or CMR values.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen rates above 120 kg N ha −1 did not increase wheat chlorophyll meter readings.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Applying N levels >120 kg N ha −1 did not increase total yield, test weight, TKW, or CMR values.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative chlorophyll meter readings at flowering explained 87% of wheat grain yield variation.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The variation in GY, N uptake, and GPC explained by the relative CMR taken at flowering was 87, 88, and 73%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative chlorophyll meter readings at flowering explained 88% of wheat nitrogen uptake variation.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The variation in GY, N uptake, and GPC explained by the relative CMR taken at flowering was 87, 88, and 73%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative chlorophyll meter readings at flowering explained 73% of wheat grain protein content variation.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“The variation in GY, N uptake, and GPC explained by the relative CMR taken at flowering was 87, 88, and 73%, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Splitting the recommended nitrogen rate between planting and tillering gave high total wheat yield and grain nitrogen uptake.
- Treatment
- half of the recommended rate (120 kg ha −1 ) at planting and the rest at tilleringe0
- Outcome
- total yield, high grain N uptakee0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Applying half of the recommended rate (120 kg ha −1 ) at planting and the rest at tillering resulted in a high total yield, high grain N uptake, and the highest GPC price premium.”
Claim · model-written summary
Splitting the recommended nitrogen rate between planting and tillering gave the highest wheat grain protein content price premium.
- Treatment
- half of the recommended rate (120 kg ha −1 ) at planting and the rest at tilleringe0
- Outcome
- GPC price premiume0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Applying half of the recommended rate (120 kg ha −1 ) at planting and the rest at tillering resulted in a high total yield, high grain N uptake, and the highest GPC price premium.”