Abstract
Resistance to Phytophthora sojae (Rps) genes have been widely used in soybean against root and stem rot diseases caused by this oomycete. Among 15 known soybean Rps genes, Rps1k has been the most widely used in the past four decades. Here, we show that the products of two distinct but closely linked RxLR effector genes are detected by Rps1k-containing plants, resulting in disease resistance. One of the genes is Avr1b-1, that confers avirulence in the presence of Rps1b. Three lines of evidence, including overexpression and gene silencing of Avr1b-1 in stable P. sojae transformants, as well as transient expression of this gene in soybean, indicated that Avr1b could trigger an Rps1k-mediated defense response. Some isolates of P. sojae that do not express Avr1b are nevertheless unable to infect Rps1k plants. In those isolates, we identified a second RxLR effector gene (designated Avr1k), located 5 kb away from Avr1b-1. Silencing or overexpression of Avr1k in P. sojae stable transformants resulted in the loss or gain, respectively, of the avirulence phenotype in the presence of Rps1k. Only isolates of P. sojae with mutant alleles of both Avr1b-1 and Avr1k could evade perception by the soybean plants carrying Rps1k.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Products of two linked RxLR effector genes were detected by Rps1k plants and conferred resistance.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- Rps1k-containing plantse0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaet0pathogen
- Gene
- RxLR effector genese0
- Outcome
- disease resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the products of two distinct but closely linked RxLR effector genes are detected by Rps1k-containing plants, resulting in disease resistance.”
t0“Phytophthora sojae Determine Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Avr1b-1 confers avirulence in the presence of Rps1b.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaet0pathogen
- Gene
- Avr1b-1e0
- Outcome
- avirulencee0
- Qualifier
- in the presence of Rps1be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Avr1b-1, that confers avirulence in the presence of Rps1b.”
t0“Phytophthora sojae Determine Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Avr1b triggered an Rps1k-mediated soybean defense response.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaet0pathogen
- Gene
- Avr1be0
- Outcome
- Rps1k-mediated defense responsee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Avr1b could trigger an Rps1k-mediated defense response.”
t0“Phytophthora sojae Determine Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Some Phytophthora sojae isolates lacking Avr1b expression could not infect Rps1k plants.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Rps1k plantse0
- Interactor
- P. sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- Avr1be0
- Outcome
- unable to infect Rps1k plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some isolates of P. sojae that do not express Avr1b are nevertheless unable to infect Rps1k plants.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
A second RxLR effector gene, Avr1k, was identified 5 kb from Avr1b-1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora sojaePhytophthora sojaet0pathogen
- Gene
- Avr1ke0
- Outcome
- second RxLR effector genee0
- Value
- 5 kbe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified a second RxLR effector gene (designated Avr1k), located 5 kb away from Avr1b-1.”
t0“Phytophthora sojae Determine Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing Avr1k in P. sojae caused loss of avirulence with Rps1k.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Silencinge0
- Interactor
- P. sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- Avr1ke0
- Outcome
- avirulence phenotypee0
- Direction
- losse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing or overexpression of Avr1k in P. sojae stable transformants resulted in the loss or gain, respectively, of the avirulence phenotype in the presence of Rps1k.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpressing Avr1k in P. sojae caused gain of avirulence with Rps1k.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- overexpressione0
- Interactor
- P. sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- Avr1ke0
- Outcome
- avirulence phenotypee0
- Direction
- gaine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing or overexpression of Avr1k in P. sojae stable transformants resulted in the loss or gain, respectively, of the avirulence phenotype in the presence of Rps1k.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Only P. sojae isolates mutant in both Avr1b-1 and Avr1k escaped Rps1k soybean recognition.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- Rps1ke0
- Interactor
- P. sojaePhytophthora sojaee0pathogen
- Gene
- Avr1b-1 and Avr1ke0
- Outcome
- evade perceptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only isolates of P. sojae with mutant alleles of both Avr1b-1 and Avr1k could evade perception by the soybean plants carrying Rps1k.”
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