Abstract
Wheat crops treated with benzimidazole‐containing fungicides have often shown small increases in yield in the absence of any detectable disease. This project was designed to test the possibility that direct physiological effects of the fungicide were responsible. The major effect of benomyl, at concentrations in the range 200–5000 ppm was to increase the development of tillers. Spraying at any one of several stages of development caused an increase in the number of tillers detected about 6 weeks later. This was found to be due to a more rapid initiation of tillers and not to more rapid growth following initiation. Associated with this earlier initiation was an increase in the incorporation of C14‐labelled assimilates into newly initiated tiller buds, but not into older ones. These responses resemble those reported for the effects of cytokinin applications to cereals. In field experiments, the increase in tiller production caused an increase in ear number only when plants were widely spaced. The decrease in tiller number as plant density increased was more rapid in treated plants than in controls, so that both treatments produced similar ear densities at around optimum plant density.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl at 200–5000 ppm increased wheat tiller development.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- benomyle0
- Outcome
- development of tillerse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- 200–5000 ppme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Development of Wheat”
e0“The major effect of benomyl, at concentrations in the range 200–5000 ppm was to increase the development of tillers”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying at any one of several growth stages increased the number of wheat tillers detected about 6 weeks later.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Spraying at any one of several stages of developmente1
- Outcome
- number of tillerse1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Qualifier
- detected about 6 weeks latere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Development of Wheat”
e1“Spraying at any one of several stages of development caused an increase in the number of tillers detected about 6 weeks later”
Claim · model-written summary
The benomyl effect on tillers was due to more rapid tiller initiation, not more rapid growth after initiation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- benomyle0
- Outcome
- initiation of tillerse2
- Direction
- more rapide2
- Comparator
- more rapid growth following initiatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Development of Wheat”
e0“The major effect of benomyl, at concentrations in the range 200–5000 ppm was to increase the development of tillers”
e2“This was found to be due to a more rapid initiation of tillers and not to more rapid growth following initiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Benomyl increased incorporation of C14‐labelled assimilates into newly initiated wheat tiller buds but not into older buds.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- benomyle0
- Outcome
- incorporation of C14‐labelled assimilatese3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Comparator
- older onese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Development of Wheat”
e0“The major effect of benomyl, at concentrations in the range 200–5000 ppm was to increase the development of tillers”
e3“Associated with this earlier initiation was an increase in the incorporation of C14‐labelled assimilates into newly initiated tiller buds, but not into older ones”
Claim · model-written summary
In field experiments, increased tiller production raised wheat ear number only when plants were widely spaced.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- benomyle0
- Outcome
- ear numbere4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Qualifier
- only when plants were widely spacede4
- Setting
- field experimentse4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Development of Wheat”
e0“The major effect of benomyl, at concentrations in the range 200–5000 ppm was to increase the development of tillers”
e4“In field experiments, the increase in tiller production caused an increase in ear number only when plants were widely spaced”
Claim · model-written summary
Under increasing plant density, benomyl-treated wheat lost tillers more rapidly than controls.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- benomyle0
- Outcome
- decrease in tiller number as plant density increasede5
- Direction
- more rapide5
- Comparator
- controlse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Development of Wheat”
e0“The major effect of benomyl, at concentrations in the range 200–5000 ppm was to increase the development of tillers”
e5“The decrease in tiller number as plant density increased was more rapid in treated plants than in controls, so that both treatments produced similar ear densities at around optimum plant density”
Claim · model-written summary
Both benomyl-treated and control wheat produced similar ear densities at about optimum plant density.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- benomyle0
- Outcome
- ear densitiese5
- Direction
- similare5
- Comparator
- controlse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Development of Wheat”
e0“The major effect of benomyl, at concentrations in the range 200–5000 ppm was to increase the development of tillers”
e5“The decrease in tiller number as plant density increased was more rapid in treated plants than in controls, so that both treatments produced similar ear densities at around optimum plant density”
The same questions in other papers
benomyl · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
application · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
794 papers in the same direction as this paper · 75 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
873 papers more in this group
See all 877 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.