Abstract
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L) production has increased in the central Great Plains, but little is known regarding how this crop will affect surface biomass production, various soil quality indicators, and subsequent winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields. We hypothesized that sunflower production was reducing soil quality relative to other summer crops because of the need for tillage to incorporate herbicide, thus reducing surface residue. Our objectives were to quantify on a Weld silt loam (fine, smectitic, mesic, Aridic Argiustolls) surface crop residue levels immediately after seeding wheat, subsequent wheat grain yield, soil organic carbon (SOC), particulate organic matter-carbon (POM-C), aggregate stability, and texture in 3- or 4-year rotation. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used to compare rotations both with and without sunflower. Our data showed 13% lower SOC content and 26% lower POM-C content at the 0- to 5-cm depth in rotations with sunflower versus those without. At the 5- to 15- cm depths, differences were not significant (P < 0.05). Crop residue by mass was 5 times lower and wheat yields 33% lower in rotations with sunflower, but no differences were measured for wind erodible aggregates or texture. Tillage to incorporate herbicides for sunflower and low amounts of residue after sunflower in the 3-year rotation contributed to reduced SOC and POM-C, decreased residue at wheat planting, and reduced wheat yield. If sunflower is to be included in the central Great Plains, efforts should be made to use no-till production practices and 4-year rotations with corn.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower rotations had 13% lower soil organic carbon at 0 to 5 cm.
- Taxon
- Sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- rotations with sunflowere0
- Outcome
- SOC contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 13%e0
- Qualifier
- 0- to 5-cm depthe0
- Comparator
- those withoute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“13% lower SOC content and 26% lower POM-C content at the 0- to 5-cm depth in rotations with sunflower versus those without”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunflower rotations had 26% lower particulate organic matter carbon at 0 to 5 cm.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- rotations with sunflowere0
- Outcome
- POM-C contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 26%e0
- Qualifier
- 0- to 5-cm depthe0
- Comparator
- those withoute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“13% lower SOC content and 26% lower POM-C content at the 0- to 5-cm depth in rotations with sunflower versus those without”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil carbon differences at 5 to 15 cm were not significant.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- differencese0
- Qualifier
- 5- to 15- cm depthse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the 5- to 15- cm depths, differences were not significant (P < 0.05)”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop residue mass was five times lower in sunflower rotations.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- rotations with sunflowere0
- Outcome
- Crop residue by masse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 5 timese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop residue by mass was 5 times lower and wheat yields 33% lower in rotations with sunflower”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield was 33% lower in rotations with sunflower.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- rotations with sunflowere0
- Outcome
- wheat yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop residue by mass was 5 times lower and wheat yields 33% lower in rotations with sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend no till practices and four year rotations with corn when sunflower is included in the central Great Plains.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- use no-till production practices and 4-year rotations with corne0
- Setting
- central Great Plainst1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“efforts should be made to use no-till production practices and 4-year rotations with corn”
t0“If sunflower is to be included”
t1“in the central Great Plains, efforts”
The same questions in other papers
rotation · molecular: metabolites · Helianthus annuus (common sunflower)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
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rotation · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 345 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.