Abstract
A two-year study was initiated in the spring of 1990 on a Keith silt loam soil (Aridic Argiustoll) in northwest Kansas to determine if irrigation scheduling with planned soil water depletion could be used successfully for irrigated corn (Zea mays L.) as a method of conserving and protecting groundwater resources without reducing yields. The study was conducted using surface irrigation in small dead-level basins. Planned soil water depletion was attempted by allowing a small additional daily deficit (0, 1, or 2 mm/day) to accumulate in irrigation amounts as scheduled by an evapotranspiration (ET)-based water budget. The daily deficit amounts were imposed on three irrigation levels, heavy (1.25 ET), normal (1.00 ET), and deficit (0.75 ET) which represented a range of management by irrigators. The plant-available soil water at physiological maturity was related linearly to irrigation amounts. However, the plant-available soil water at physiological maturity was reduced by only 25 mm for each 100 mm reduction in irrigation. Imposition of a small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasseling resulted in yield reductions of 7, 1, and 3% for the heavy, normal, and deficit irrigation management levels, respectively. The 1 mm/day deficit resulted in irrigation savings of approximately 12, 9, and 0% for the three respective irrigation management levels and generally resulted in slight reductions in available soil water at physiological maturity. In some cases, the imposition of the 1 mm/day deficit had little effect on the total seasonal irrigation amount, but simply shifted the irrigation event to a later date. The larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasseling reduced yields by 7, 9, and 15% for the three respective irrigation levels and reduced irrigation amounts by 19, 26, and 25%. Yields were related linearly to irrigation and water use with a reduction in irrigation or water use reflected by yield reductions. Water use efficiencies were similar whether planned soil water depletion was used or not. Therefore, from a water conservation standpoint, irrigation scheduling with planned soil water depletion was not justified.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Plant-available soil water at physiological maturity was related linearly to irrigation amounts in corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- irrigation amountse1
- Outcome
- plant-available soil water at physiological maturitye1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The plant-available soil water at physiological maturity was related linearly to irrigation amounts”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant-available soil water at physiological maturity was reduced by only 25 mm for each 100 mm reduction in irrigation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irrigatione1
- Outcome
- plant-available soil water at physiological maturitye1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 25 mme1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“the plant-available soil water at physiological maturity was reduced by only 25 mm for each 100 mm reduction in irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
A small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasseling reduced corn yield by 7% under heavy irrigation management.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- reductionse1
- Value
- 7e1
- Qualifier
- heavye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Imposition of a small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasseling resulted in yield reductions of 7, 1, and 3% for the heavy, normal, and deficit irrigation management levels, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
A small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasseling reduced corn yield by 1% under normal irrigation management.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- reductionse1
- Value
- 1e1
- Qualifier
- normale1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Imposition of a small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasseling resulted in yield reductions of 7, 1, and 3% for the heavy, normal, and deficit irrigation management levels, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
A small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasseling reduced corn yield by 3% under deficit irrigation management.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- reductionse1
- Value
- 3%e1
- Qualifier
- deficite1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Imposition of a small daily deficit of 1 mm/day after tasseling resulted in yield reductions of 7, 1, and 3% for the heavy, normal, and deficit irrigation management levels, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1 mm/day deficit saved approximately 12% of irrigation at the first (heavy) irrigation management level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 1 mm/day deficite1
- Outcome
- irrigation savingse1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 12e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The 1 mm/day deficit resulted in irrigation savings of approximately 12, 9, and 0% for the three respective irrigation management levels”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1 mm/day deficit saved approximately 9% of irrigation at the second (normal) irrigation management level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 1 mm/day deficite1
- Outcome
- irrigation savingse1
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede1
- Value
- 9e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The 1 mm/day deficit resulted in irrigation savings of approximately 12, 9, and 0% for the three respective irrigation management levels”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1 mm/day deficit gave approximately 0% irrigation savings at the third (deficit) irrigation management level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 1 mm/day deficite1
- Outcome
- irrigation savingse1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Value
- 0%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The 1 mm/day deficit resulted in irrigation savings of approximately 12, 9, and 0% for the three respective irrigation management levels”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1 mm/day deficit generally resulted in slight reductions in available soil water at physiological maturity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- available soil water at physiological maturitye1
- Direction
- slight reductionse1
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“generally resulted in slight reductions in available soil water at physiological maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
In some cases the 1 mm/day deficit had little effect on total seasonal irrigation amount but only shifted the irrigation event to a later date.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 1 mm/day deficite1
- Outcome
- total seasonal irrigation amounte1
- Direction
- little effecte1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“In some cases, the imposition of the 1 mm/day deficit had little effect on the total seasonal irrigation amount, but simply shifted the irrigation event to a later date”
Claim · model-written summary
The larger 2 mm/day deficit after tasseling reduced corn yield by 7% at the first (heavy) irrigation level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 7e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasseling reduced yields by 7, 9, and 15% for the three respective irrigation levels and reduced irrigation amounts by 19, 26, and 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
The larger 2 mm/day deficit after tasseling reduced corn yield by 9% at the second (normal) irrigation level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 9e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasseling reduced yields by 7, 9, and 15% for the three respective irrigation levels and reduced irrigation amounts by 19, 26, and 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
The larger 2 mm/day deficit after tasseling reduced corn yield by 15% at the third (deficit) irrigation level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- yieldse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 15%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasseling reduced yields by 7, 9, and 15% for the three respective irrigation levels and reduced irrigation amounts by 19, 26, and 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
The larger 2 mm/day deficit after tasseling reduced irrigation amounts by 19% at the first irrigation level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- irrigation amountse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 19e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasseling reduced yields by 7, 9, and 15% for the three respective irrigation levels and reduced irrigation amounts by 19, 26, and 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
The larger 2 mm/day deficit after tasseling reduced irrigation amounts by 26% at the second irrigation level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- irrigation amountse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 26e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasseling reduced yields by 7, 9, and 15% for the three respective irrigation levels and reduced irrigation amounts by 19, 26, and 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
The larger 2 mm/day deficit after tasseling reduced irrigation amounts by 25% at the third irrigation level.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasselinge1
- Outcome
- irrigation amountse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 25%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“The larger 2 mm/day daily deficit after tasseling reduced yields by 7, 9, and 15% for the three respective irrigation levels and reduced irrigation amounts by 19, 26, and 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yields were related linearly to irrigation and water use, with reduced irrigation or water use reflected by yield reductions.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- irrigation and water usee1
- Outcome
- Yieldse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Yields were related linearly to irrigation and water use with a reduction in irrigation or water use reflected by yield reductions”
Claim · model-written summary
Water use efficiencies were similar whether or not planned soil water depletion was used.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- planned soil water depletione1
- Outcome
- Water use efficienciese1
- Direction
- similare1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“Water use efficiencies were similar whether planned soil water depletion was used or not”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that irrigation scheduling with planned soil water depletion was not justified from a water conservation standpoint.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- irrigation scheduling with planned soil water depletion was not justifiede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“irrigated corn (Zea mays L.)”
e1“from a water conservation standpoint, irrigation scheduling with planned soil water depletion was not justified”
The same questions in other papers
soil water · physiology: water · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.