Abstract
Abstract Crop residues are an important component of N cycling in the agro-ecosystem. In this study, a loam soil was amended with cabbage residues and the N mineralization from soil organic matter and residues, as well as N uptake by Italian rye grass, were investigated. Four mineral fertilizer-residue combination treatments and two application times were tested in micro-plots. For uncropped micro-plots, application of residue resulted in higher soil mineral N content (43 mg N kg−1, 63 days post application) versus 30.5 mg N kg−1 for an unamended soil. Both bulked dry matter production and N uptake by the rye grass decreased in the order full mineral fertilizer > half mineral fertilizer + half residue > full residue applied 3 weeks before sowing > full residue applied at sowing, but the differences were more pronounced in the N uptake. Shoot N recovery from the applied residue (27.5–31.4%) was much smaller than that from the full fertilizer (70.2%), but was still considerable. Apparent net N mineralization from soil organic matter was significantly depressed in the treatments where mineral fertilizer was added. Cropping also reduced apparent net N mineralization, but this effect was reduced when residues were applied 3 weeks before sowing. Results showed that crop residues play an important role in crop production, in terms of obtaining comparable dry matter production to that of full mineral fertilizer application. Moreover, nitrogen supplied as residue is less liable for loss due to leaching during the growing season. The efficiency of crop uptake to residue-derived nitrogen could be increased by earlier application time.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Residue increased soil mineral N relative to unamended soil.
- Treatment
- residuee0
- Outcome
- soil mineral N contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 43 mg N kg−1e0
- Qualifier
- 30.5 mg N kg−1e0
- Comparator
- unamended soile0
LoliumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of residue resulted in higher soil mineral N content (43 mg N kg−1, 63 days post application) versus 30.5 mg N kg−1 for an unamended soil”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass dry matter production ranked full fertilizer, half fertilizer plus residue, early full residue, then residue at sowing.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both bulked dry matter production and N uptake by the rye grass decreased in the order full mineral fertilizer > half mineral fertilizer + half residue > full residue applied 3 weeks before sowing > full residue applied at sowing”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass N uptake followed the same descending treatment order.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both bulked dry matter production and N uptake by the rye grass decreased in the order full mineral fertilizer > half mineral fertilizer + half residue > full residue applied 3 weeks before sowing > full residue applied at sowing”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment differences were more pronounced for nitrogen uptake than for dry matter production.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the differences were more pronounced in the N uptake”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue-derived shoot N recovery was 27.5–31.4%, below full fertilizer at 70.2%.
- Outcome
- Shoot N recoverye0
- Direction
- much smallere0
- Value
- 27.5–31.4%e0
- Qualifier
- 70.2%e0
- Comparator
- full fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot N recovery from the applied residue (27.5–31.4%) was much smaller than that from the full fertilizer (70.2%)”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral fertilizer significantly depressed net N mineralization from soil organic matter.
- Treatment
- mineral fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Apparent net N mineralization from soil organic mattere0
- Direction
- depressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apparent net N mineralization from soil organic matter was significantly depressed in the treatments where mineral fertilizer was added”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Cropping reduced apparent net N mineralization.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cropping also reduced apparent net N mineralization”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Earlier residue application reduced the cropping effect on net N mineralization.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this effect was reduced when residues were applied 3 weeks before sowing”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue could give comparable dry matter production to full mineral fertilizer.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop residues play an important role in crop production, in terms of obtaining comparable dry matter production to that of full mineral fertilizer application”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue nitrogen was less liable to leach during the growing season.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrogen supplied as residue is less liable for loss due to leaching during the growing season”
t0“rye grass”
Claim · model-written summary
Earlier residue application could increase crop uptake of residue nitrogen.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The efficiency of crop uptake to residue-derived nitrogen could be increased by earlier application time”
t0“rye grass”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · soil: chemistry · LoliumPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.