Abstract
This paper concerns tolerance to 50-200 mM NaCl of submerged rice (Oryza sativa cv. Amaroo) during germination and the first 138-186 h of development in aerated solution. Rice was able to germinate and the seedlings even tolerated exposure to 200 mM NaCl, albeit with severe growth restrictions. After return to 0.3 mM NaCl, growth increased, indicating that even at 200 mM NaCl there was no irreparable injury. Osmotic adjustment was achieved by using Na⁺ and Cl⁻ as the major osmotica. At 200 mM NaCl commenced at sowing, the shoot Na⁺ and Cl⁻ concentrations between 50-110 h were about 210 and 260 mM, respectively, i.e. above the external concentration. Thus, there was a high tissue tolerance to NaCl. The internal concentrations declined subsequently, concurrent with a decline in growth. At 50-200 mM NaCl, the contributions from ions to πsap were 81-92% in roots and 62-74% in shoots. The assessed turgor pressures at 200 mM NaCl were 0.33 MPa in shoots and 0.15 MPa in roots, compared to 0.62 and 0.43 MPa at 0.3 mM NaCl. In the General Discussion section, we compare the different responses of submerged seedlings to the responses of transpiring rice plants, reported in the literature, and suggest that the submerged system is useful to evaluate effects of NaCl on turgor pressure and particularly to establish whether there are specific effects of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ in tissues.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Submerged rice germinated and seedlings tolerated 200 mM NaCl, with severe growth restrictions.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- germinate and the seedlings even toleratede0
- Qualifier
- severe growth restrictionse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice was able to germinate and the seedlings even tolerated exposure to 200 mM NaCl, albeit with severe growth restrictions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth increased after return to 0.3 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- return to 0.3 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After return to 0.3 mM NaCl, growth increased”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Na⁺ and Cl⁻ were the major osmotica in osmotic adjustment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- Na⁺ and Cl⁻e0
- Outcome
- Osmotic adjustmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Osmotic adjustment was achieved by using Na⁺ and Cl⁻ as the major osmotica.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl from sowing, shoot Na⁺ concentration at 50-110 h was about 210 mM, above the external concentration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- shoot Na⁺e0
- Direction
- abovee0
- Value
- about 210e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 200 mM NaCl commenced at sowing, the shoot Na⁺ and Cl⁻ concentrations between 50-110 h were about 210 and 260 mM, respectively, i.e. above the external concentration.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mM NaCl from sowing, shoot Cl⁻ concentration at 50-110 h was about 260 mM, above the external concentration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- Cl⁻ concentrationse0
- Direction
- abovee0
- Value
- 260 mMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 200 mM NaCl commenced at sowing, the shoot Na⁺ and Cl⁻ concentrations between 50-110 h were about 210 and 260 mM, respectively, i.e. above the external concentration.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Internal ion concentrations subsequently declined with growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- internal concentrationse0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Qualifier
- concurrent with a decline in growthe0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The internal concentrations declined subsequently, concurrent with a decline in growth.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50-200 mM NaCl, ions contributed 81-92% of root πsap.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 50-200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- contributions from ions to πsape0
- Value
- 81-92%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 50-200 mM NaCl, the contributions from ions to πsap were 81-92% in roots and 62-74% in shoots.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
At 50-200 mM NaCl, ions contributed 62-74% of shoot πsap.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- 50-200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- contributions from ions to πsape0
- Value
- 62-74%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 50-200 mM NaCl, the contributions from ions to πsap were 81-92% in roots and 62-74% in shoots.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot turgor pressure was 0.33 MPa at 200 mM NaCl versus 0.62 MPa at 0.3 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- turgor pressurese0
- Value
- 0.33 MPae0
- Qualifier
- 0.62e0
- Comparator
- 0.3 mM NaCle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The assessed turgor pressures at 200 mM NaCl were 0.33 MPa in shoots and 0.15 MPa in roots, compared to 0.62 and 0.43 MPa at 0.3 mM NaCl.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Root turgor pressure was 0.15 MPa at 200 mM NaCl versus 0.43 MPa at 0.3 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- 200 mM NaCle0
- Outcome
- turgor pressurese0
- Value
- 0.15 MPae0
- Qualifier
- 0.43 MPae0
- Comparator
- 0.3 mM NaCle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The assessed turgor pressures at 200 mM NaCl were 0.33 MPa in shoots and 0.15 MPa in roots, compared to 0.62 and 0.43 MPa at 0.3 mM NaCl.”
t0“rice”
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