Abstract
1. The alcohol- and acetone-insoluble solids were recovered periodically from peel and pulp of Valencia oranges. These fractions were analyzed for total pectic substances, using the CO2 method. The results of the two were practically the same. The water-soluble pectins were extracted from the alcohol-insoluble solids and determined colorimetrically by the carbazole method, which analyzes directly for the total anhydrogalacturonic acid units present. A comparison of this method was made with the calcium pectate method, which precipitates the pectic substances down to a limited polymer size and which, because of purity, must be further analyzed by means of CO2 determinations, to determine the uronide content. 2. Seasonal changes in concentrations of pectic substances in peel, pulp, and juice of Valencia oranges were followed by determining the total and the water-soluble pectic substances as anhydrogalacturonic acid during growth and development under normal conditions. After a tremendous initial increase in the total pectic substance in peel and pulp, there is a gradual decrease throughout the remainder of the season. The water-soluble pectins of both peel and pulp also show a gradual decline, but, when observed in relation to the total pectic substances of the corresponding component, the percentage is found to increase in the peel and decline in the pulp before eventually increasing also. The pectic substances found in the juice remain relatively constant throughout.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Alcohol- and acetone-insoluble solids gave practically the same total pectic substance results.
- Taxon
- Valencia oranges
Citrus sinensise0 - Outcome
- results of the two were practically the samee0
- Comparator
- acetone-insoluble solidse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The alcohol- and acetone-insoluble solids were recovered periodically from peel and pulp of Valencia oranges. These fractions were analyzed for total pectic substances, using the CO2 method. The results of the two were practically the same”
Claim · model-written summary
Total pectic substance in Valencia orange peel initially rose tremendously.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise1
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Outcome
- total pectic substancee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After a tremendous initial increase in the total pectic substance in peel and pulp”
e1“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Total pectic substance in Valencia orange pulp initially rose tremendously.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise1
- Organ / stage
- pulpe0
- Outcome
- total pectic substancee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After a tremendous initial increase in the total pectic substance in peel and pulp”
e1“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Total pectic substance in peel declined through the rest of the season.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise1
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Outcome
- total pectic substancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After a tremendous initial increase in the total pectic substance in peel and pulp, there is a gradual decrease throughout the remainder of the season”
e1“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Total pectic substance in pulp declined through the rest of the season.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise1
- Organ / stage
- pulpe0
- Outcome
- total pectic substancee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After a tremendous initial increase in the total pectic substance in peel and pulp, there is a gradual decrease throughout the remainder of the season”
e1“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-soluble pectins in peel gradually declined.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise1
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Outcome
- water-soluble pectinse0
- Direction
- declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The water-soluble pectins of both peel and pulp also show a gradual decline”
e1“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Water-soluble pectins in pulp gradually declined.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise1
- Organ / stage
- pulpe0
- Outcome
- water-soluble pectinse0
- Direction
- declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The water-soluble pectins of both peel and pulp also show a gradual decline”
e1“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of water-soluble pectins increased in peel.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise2
- Organ / stage
- peele0
- Outcome
- percentagee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the percentage is found to increase in the peel and decline in the pulp before eventually increasing also”
e1“The water-soluble pectins of both peel and pulp”
e2“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportion of water-soluble pectins declined then increased in pulp.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise2
- Organ / stage
- pulpe0
- Outcome
- percentagee0
- Direction
- declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the percentage is found to increase in the peel and decline in the pulp before eventually increasing also”
e1“The water-soluble pectins of both peel and pulp”
e2“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”
Claim · model-written summary
Pectic substances in juice remained relatively constant.
- Taxon
- Valencia orangesCitrus sinensise1
- Organ / stage
- juicee0
- Outcome
- pectic substancese0
- Direction
- remain relatively constante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pectic substances found in the juice remain relatively constant throughout”
e1“peel and pulp of Valencia oranges”