Abstract
Two cultivars of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] were inoculated with nine ratios of ineffective (SM‐5) and effective (CC709) strains Rhizobium japonicum . Plants were grown in the greenhouse and harvested after 33 days. Nitrogenase activity, total shoot N, nodule number, nodule mass, and the proportions of nodules formed by each strain were determined. Nodules were identified serologically by the fluorescent antibody technique. Significant increases in total N in the shoot occurred as both the proportion and number of nodules formed by effective strain CC709 increased. Shoot N was highly correlated with nitrogenase activity and nodule mass. The relationship between percent effective nodules and shoot N was nonlinear so that 95% of maximum N accumulation was obtained when only 75% of the nodules (on a nodule number basis) were effective. The average size an effective nodule was at least 2.5 times larger than an ineffective nodule and their average weight increased from 2.38 to 4.88 mg/ nodule as the proportion of effective nodules declined from 100 to 18.8%. The proportion of total nodule tissue that was effective was greater than the corresponding percent effective nodules. This compensatory mechanism tended to keep the amount of effective nodule tissue constant up to a point even though the proportion of effective nodules declined. There was a deleterious effect on N 2 fixation only when infection by the ineffective strain was great enough to reduce total nodule mass.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot total nitrogen rose significantly as the proportion of nodules formed by effective CC709 rose.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Interactor
- effective strain CC709e0symbiont
- Outcome
- total N in the shoote0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Significant increases in total N in the shoot occurred as both the proportion and number of nodules formed by effective strain CC709 increased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot total nitrogen rose significantly as the number of CC709 nodules rose.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- effective strain CC709e0symbiont
- Outcome
- total N in the shoote0
- Direction
- increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Significant increases in total N in the shoot occurred as both the proportion and number of nodules formed by effective strain CC709 increased.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot nitrogen was highly correlated with nitrogenase activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- nodulee0
- Outcome
- Shoot Ne0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Shoot N was highly correlated with nitrogenase activity and nodule mass.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot nitrogen was highly correlated with nodule mass.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- nodulee0
- Outcome
- Shoot Ne0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“Shoot N was highly correlated with nitrogenase activity and nodule mass.”
Claim · model-written summary
The relation between percent effective nodules and shoot nitrogen was nonlinear.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- nodulese0
- Outcome
- shoot Ne0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The relationship between percent effective nodules and shoot N was nonlinear”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean obtained 95% of maximum nitrogen accumulation when only 75% of nodules were effective.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- nodulese0
- Outcome
- maximum N accumulatione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 95%e0
- Qualifier
- 75% of the nodulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“95% of maximum N accumulation was obtained when only 75% of the nodules (on a nodule number basis) were effective.”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective nodules averaged at least 2.5 times the size of ineffective nodules.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- average size an effective nodulee0
- Direction
- largere0
- Value
- 2.5 timese0
- Comparator
- ineffective nodulee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The average size an effective nodule was at least 2.5 times larger than an ineffective nodule”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective nodule weight increased from 2.38 to 4.88 mg per nodule as effective nodule proportion fell.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- effective nodulese0
- Outcome
- average weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.38 to 4.88 mg/ nodulee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“their average weight increased from 2.38 to 4.88 mg/ nodule as the proportion of effective nodules declined from 100 to 18.8%.”
Claim · model-written summary
The effective fraction of total nodule tissue exceeded the percentage of effective nodules.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- proportion of total nodule tissue that was effectivee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- percent effective nodulese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“The proportion of total nodule tissue that was effective was greater than the corresponding percent effective nodules.”
Claim · model-written summary
Compensation tended to maintain effective nodule tissue despite declining effective nodule proportion.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- amount of effective nodule tissuee0
- Direction
- constante0
- Qualifier
- compensatory mechanisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“This compensatory mechanism tended to keep the amount of effective nodule tissue constant up to a point even though the proportion of effective nodules declined.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fixation was adversely affected only when ineffective-strain infection reduced total nodule mass.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- ineffective straine0symbiont
- Outcome
- N 2 fixatione0
- Direction
- deleteriouse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e0“There was a deleterious effect on N 2 fixation only when infection by the ineffective strain was great enough to reduce total nodule mass.”