Paper · 1992 · Weed Research

Effects of shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa‐pastoris L. Medic.) on the growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

K. K. PERERA; P. G. AYRES

11
claims
15
verbatim quotes
3
citations
3
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Summary: Résumé: Zusammenfassung Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.), a salad vegetable, and shepherd's purse ( Capsella bursa‐pastoris (L.) Med.), a common annual or biennial weed, are plants of similar height, leaf area and root biomass which often occur together in early summer. To assess the effects of the weed on the crop, plants were grown in well‐watered and fertilized monocultures and mixtures in the greenhouse. Growth of both species in monoculture decreased, per plant, as planting density increased, particularly in radish which had a high relative monoculture response. In mixtures, at a range of planting densities, and in different proportions, radish was much the stronger competitor, its total dry matter and tuber production being affected only slightly, and not at all in some experiments, by mixture with C. bursa‐pastoris . Thus the relative mixture response of radish ranged from 0.1 to 0.0, and the relative crowding coefficient of radish over Capsella was high, indicating that radish was strongly aggressive in the mixture. Although the two species had similar leaf areas in monoculture, that of C. bursa‐pastoris was greatly reduced in mixture. The advantage displayed by radish in intercepting light was further enhanced when it was grown in mixtures because radish increased the height of the greatest part of its leaf area, so increasing its shading of the weed. Withholding water from plants increased dry matter partitioning to the root systems in both species, and slightly increased the competitive advantage of radish over C. bursa‐pastoris . It is concluded that the weed poses little threat to the yield of radish crops in the field. Effets de la capselle bourse a pasteur (Capsella bursa‐pastoris L. Medic.) sur la croissance du radis (Raphanus sativus L.) Le radis ( Raphanus sativus L.) et la capselle bourse à pasteur ( Capsella bursa‐pastoris L. Medic) mauvaise herbe annuelle ou bisanuelle commune, sont des plantes de hauteur, surface foliaire et système racinaire semblables qui apparaissent souvent ensemble au début de l'été. Pour évaluer les effets de l'adventice sur la culture, les plantes ont été cultivées en monoculture et en culture mixte sous serre avec un bon arrosage et une bonne fertilisation. La croissance des deux espèces en monoculture a diminué par plante parallèlement à l'augmentation de la densité, en particulier chez le radis qui a une réponse à la monoculture relativement élevée. En mélanges, sur un éventail de densités de plantation et dans différentes proportions, le radis a été un compétiteur plus fort avec un poids total en matière sèche et une production tubéreuse peu affectée, et pas dans tous les essais, par le mélange avec la capselle. Ainsi, la réponse au mélange du radis a varié de 0,1 à 0,0 et le coefficient de masse relative du radis par rapport à capselle était élevé, soulignant que le radis était fortement compétiteur dans le mélange. Bien que les 2 espèces aient des surfaces foliaires semblables‐en monoculture celle de C. bursa‐pastoris a été considérable‐ment amoindri en mélange. L'avantage que le adis tire de son interception de la lumière, a été favorisé dans la culture en mélange parce que le radis a accru la hauteur à laquelle se trouvait la majorità de sa surface foliaire, augmentant ainsi son ombrage de l'adventice. En réduisant la source en eau des plantes, on a eu une augmentation de la matière sèche au niveau des racines chez les 2 espèces avec une légère contri‐bution à l'augmentation de l'avantage du radis sur la capselle. Il en est conclu que l'adventice représente une faible menace pour le rendement des cultures de radis au champ. Konkurrenz von Hirtentäschel (Capsella bursapastoris ( L .) Medic, mit Radieschen ( Raphanus sativus L .) Die Gemüsepflanze Radieschen ( Raphanus sativus L.) und das verbreitete, ein‐ bis überjährige Unkraut Hirtentäschel ( Capsella bursapastoris (L.) Medic.) haben eine ähnliche Höhe, Blattfläche und Wurzelmasse, sie treten im Frühsommer oft zusammen auf. Um die Wirkung des Unkrauts auf die Kulturpflanze zu untersuchen, wurden die Pflanzen im Gewächshaus in gut gewässerten und gedüngten Rein‐ und Mischbeständen kultiviert. Bei beiden Arten nahm das Wachstum der Einzelpflanze mit zunehmender Dichte ab, besonders beim Radieschen. In Mischbeständen mit verschiedenen Pflanzendichten und Mischungs‐verhältnissen war das Radieschen der stärkere Konkurrent, dessen Gesamttrockenmasse und Rübchenertrag nur wenig und in manchen Versuchen überhaupt nicht durch das Unkraut beeinträchtigt wurden. So variierte die relative Reaktion des Radieschens in den Mischbeständen (mixture response) von 0,1 bis 0,0, und der relative Verdrängungskoeffizient des Radies‐chens über Capsella war hoch, worin zum Ausdruck kommt, wie konkurrenzstark das Radieschen in den Mischkulturen war. Obwohl die beiden Arten in Reinbeständen ziemlich ähnliche Blattflächen entwickelten, war diese bei Capsella in Mischbeständen erheblich reduziert. Das Radieschen erlangte in Mischbeständen auch dadurch einen Vorteil bei der Lichtaufnahme, indem der gröte Teil seiner Blattfläche höher lag und so das Unkraut zunehmend beschattete. Bei Wassermangel stieg die Wurzeltrockenmasse bei beiden Arten an, wodurch der Konkurrenzvorteil des Radieschens gegenüber dem Hirteltäschel leicht verstärkt wurde. Diese Unkrautart übt also nur eine kleine Schadwirkung auf den Ertrag von Radieschen aus.

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Claims 11

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Monoculture growth of radish fell as density rose.

Treatment
planting densitye0
Outcome
Growthe0
Direction
decreasede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Growth of both species in monoculture decreased, per plant, as planting density increased, particularly in radish”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 418–531 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Monoculture growth of shepherd’s purse fell as density rose.

Taxon
Capsella bursa‐pastorist0
Treatment
planting densitye0
Outcome
Growthe0
Direction
decreasede0

Verbatim

e0

“Growth of both species in monoculture decreased, per plant, as planting density increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 418–507 · show in text ↑
t0

“Capsella bursa‐pastoris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–52 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mixture with the weed only slightly or sometimes did not affect radish dry matter and tuber production.

Treatment
mixture with C. bursa‐pastorise0
Interactor
C. bursa‐pastorise0weed
Outcome
total dry matter and tuber productione0
Direction
affected only slightlye0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“radish was much the stronger competitor, its total dry matter and tuber production being affected only slightly, and not at all in some experiments, by mixture with C. bursa‐pastoris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 657–839 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish relative mixture response ranged from 0.1 to 0.0.

Outcome
relative mixture responsee0
Value
0.1 to 0.0e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“relative mixture response of radish ranged from 0.1 to 0.0”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 851–909 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish had a high relative crowding coefficient over Capsella.

Interactor
Capsellae0weed
Outcome
relative crowding coefficiente0
Direction
highe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“relative crowding coefficient of radish over Capsella was high”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 919–981 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Capsella leaf area was greatly reduced in mixture.

Taxon
C. bursa‐pastorise0
Treatment
mixturee0
Outcome
that of C. bursa‐pastorise0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“that of C. bursa‐pastoris was greatly reduced in mixture”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1110–1166 · show in text ↑
Mechanismobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish raised much of its leaf area in mixtures and shaded the weed more.

Organ / stage
leaf areae0
Outcome
shading of the weede0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“radish increased the height of the greatest part of its leaf area, so increasing its shading of the weed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1283–1387 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Withholding water increased root dry matter partitioning in radish.

Treatment
Withholding watere0
Outcome
dry matter partitioning to the root systemse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Withholding water from plants increased dry matter partitioning to the root systems in both species”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1389–1488 · show in text ↑
t0

“radish”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 81–87 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Withholding water increased root dry matter partitioning in shepherd’s purse.

Taxon
Capsella bursa‐pastorist0
Treatment
Withholding watere0
Outcome
dry matter partitioning to the root systemse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Withholding water from plants increased dry matter partitioning to the root systems in both species”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1389–1488 · show in text ↑
t0

“Capsella bursa‐pastoris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–52 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water withholding slightly increased radish competitive advantage.

Treatment
Withholding watere1
Interactor
C. bursa‐pastorise0weed
Outcome
competitive advantagee0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“slightly increased the competitive advantage of radish over C. bursa‐pastoris”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1494–1571 · show in text ↑
e1

“Withholding water from plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1389–1418 · show in text ↑
Recommendationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors concluded that the weed poses little field-yield threat to radish.

Outcome
little threat to the yielde0
Setting
fielde0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the weed poses little threat to the yield of radish crops in the field”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1595–1665 · show in text ↑

drought · growth · Raphanus sativus (radish)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 2 positive, 5 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.