Abstract
The present study was undertaken to reveal the change of dormancy when seeds are desiccated and/or preserved in fruits in cruciferous crops. Materials used were rape, leaf mustard, potherb mustard, and cultivated and wild types of Japanese grand radish. After the harvest of mature fruits, they were divided into two groups. In one group seeds were isolated separately from fruits, and in the other group seeds were left intact in fruits. Then, seeds in each group were placed either at ordinary humidities in the room or at low humidities in the desiccator (containing silica gel). After that, seed germination tests were conducted at 10 day intervals during 6 to 22 months according to different species.As the result, in all species except wild radish, isolated seeds in the room (regarded as a control) reached 100% germination in one to 4 months after harvest. However, wild radish did not attain the complete removal of dormancy, remain ing at certain percentages around 80% or so.In rape, when seeds were stored in the desiccator, the removal of dormancy was accelerated. In leaf mustard, potherb mustard and wild radish, however, the removal of seed dormancy was suppressed by desiccation. In cultivated radish, desiccation had no effect on seed dormancy.In rape and leaf mustard, the removal of dormancy was delayed in seeds preserved in fruits as compared with isolated seeds. In potherb mustard, and culti vated and wild radishes, there was recognized no difference in the response of removal of dormancy between seeds isolated from fruits and those preserved in fruits.When fruits of rape were stored in the desiccator, the accelerative effect of desiccation on the removal of seed dormancy was weakened by the suppressive effect of fruits. In the case of leaf mustard, seeds with fruits in the desiccator showed a strong supression of removal of dormancy due to the multiplication of suppressive effects of both desiccation and fruits. Potherb mustard and wild radish both of which had no difference in dormancy between seeds with fruits and those without fruits in the room also had no difference between them in the desiccator. That is, seeds were equally affected by desiccation even if they were with or without fruits. These findings suggest that desiccation and fruits work on the removal of dormancy independently of each other. If so, the existence of two different kinds of germination -inhibiting substances can be assumed: one which is affected by humidity and the other which is maintained by preservation in fruits.
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Isolated room stored seeds of all species except wild radish reached full germination within one to four months.
Verbatim
e0“in all species except wild radish, isolated seeds in the room (regarded as a control) reached 100% germination in one to 4 months after harvest.”
t0“Cruciferous Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Wild radish dormancy was not completely removed and germination remained about 80%.
- Taxon
- wild radish
_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Raphanus raphanistrume0 - Outcome
- germinatione1
- Value
- 80%e0
- Qualifier
- did not attain the complete removal of dormancye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Raphanus_raphanistrum_-_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“wild radish did not attain the complete removal of dormancy, remain ing at certain percentages around 80% or so.”
e1“in all species except wild radish, isolated seeds in the room (regarded as a control) reached 100% germination in one to 4 months after harvest.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccator storage accelerated dormancy removal in rape.
- Taxon
- rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Treatment
- stored in the desiccatore0
- Outcome
- removal of dormancye0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“In rape, when seeds were stored in the desiccator, the removal of dormancy was accelerated.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccation suppressed dormancy removal in leaf mustard.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In leaf mustard, potherb mustard and wild radish, however, the removal of seed dormancy was suppressed by desiccation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccation suppressed dormancy removal in potherb mustard.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In leaf mustard, potherb mustard and wild radish, however, the removal of seed dormancy was suppressed by desiccation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccation suppressed dormancy removal in wild radish.
- Taxon
- wild radishRaphanus raphanistrume0
- Treatment
- desiccatione0
- Outcome
- removal of seed dormancye0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In leaf mustard, potherb mustard and wild radish, however, the removal of seed dormancy was suppressed by desiccation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccation had no effect on cultivated radish dormancy.
- Taxon
- cultivated radish
Raphanus sativuse0 - Treatment
- desiccatione0
- Outcome
- seed dormancye0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In cultivated radish, desiccation had no effect on seed dormancy.”
Claim · model-written summary
Preserving rape seeds in fruits delayed dormancy removal compared with isolated seeds.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- seeds preserved in fruitse0
- Outcome
- removal of dormancye0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Comparator
- isolated seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In rape and leaf mustard, the removal of dormancy was delayed in seeds preserved in fruits as compared with isolated seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Preserving leaf mustard seeds in fruits delayed dormancy removal compared with isolated seeds.
Verbatim
e0“In rape and leaf mustard, the removal of dormancy was delayed in seeds preserved in fruits as compared with isolated seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit preservation did not change dormancy removal in potherb mustard.
Verbatim
e0“In potherb mustard, and culti vated and wild radishes, there was recognized no difference in the response of removal of dormancy between seeds isolated from fruits and those preserved in fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit preservation did not change dormancy removal in cultivated radish.
- Taxon
- radishesRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- preserved in fruitse0
- Outcome
- removal of dormancye0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- seeds isolated from fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In potherb mustard, and culti vated and wild radishes, there was recognized no difference in the response of removal of dormancy between seeds isolated from fruits and those preserved in fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit preservation did not change dormancy removal in wild radish.
- Taxon
- wild radishesRaphanus raphanistrume0
- Treatment
- preserved in fruitse0
- Outcome
- removal of dormancye0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- seeds isolated from fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In potherb mustard, and culti vated and wild radishes, there was recognized no difference in the response of removal of dormancy between seeds isolated from fruits and those preserved in fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit storage weakened desiccation accelerated dormancy removal in rape.
- Taxon
- rapeBrassica napuse0
- Treatment
- fruits of rape were stored in the desiccatore0
- Outcome
- accelerative effect of desiccation on the removal of seed dormancye0
- Direction
- weakenede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When fruits of rape were stored in the desiccator, the accelerative effect of desiccation on the removal of seed dormancy was weakened by the suppressive effect of fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf mustard seeds stored with fruits in a desiccator had strongly suppressed dormancy removal.
Verbatim
e0“In the case of leaf mustard, seeds with fruits in the desiccator showed a strong supression of removal of dormancy”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit presence did not modify the desiccation response in potherb mustard.
Verbatim
e0“Potherb mustard and wild radish both of which had no difference in dormancy between seeds with fruits and those without fruits in the room also had no difference between them in the desiccator.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit presence did not modify the desiccation response in wild radish.
- Taxon
- wild radishRaphanus raphanistrume0
- Treatment
- desiccatore0
- Outcome
- dormancye0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- seeds with fruits and those without fruitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potherb mustard and wild radish both of which had no difference in dormancy between seeds with fruits and those without fruits in the room also had no difference between them in the desiccator.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that desiccation and fruit preservation act independently on dormancy removal.
Verbatim
e0“These findings suggest that desiccation and fruits work on the removal of dormancy independently of each other.”
t0“Cruciferous Crops”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesize two distinct germination inhibiting substances, one humidity sensitive and one maintained in fruits.
Verbatim
e0“the existence of two different kinds of germination -inhibiting substances can be assumed: one which is affected by humidity and the other which is maintained by preservation in fruits.”
t0“Cruciferous Crops”
The same questions in other papers
drought · growth · Raphanus sativus (radish)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 7 papers →storage · growth · Brassica napus (oilseed rape)Positive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
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See all 18 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.