Abstract
The optimum management system for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta has not been adequately defined. A 9-yr (1978–1986) study was conducted to determine the effects of three rotations (continuous winter wheat, winter wheat–fallow and winter wheat–barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)–fallow), two tillage systems (conventional tillage, zero tillage) and two seeder types (hoe-drill, disc drill) on winter wheat growth, yield and water use. Continuous cropping to winter wheat was terminated after 4 yr because of a heavy downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) infestation. Soil moisture reserves to 1.5-m depth fell to only 61% of that under the wheat–fallow rotation. Wheat grown in the wheat–barley–fallow rotation yielded on average 4% higher than that in the wheat–fallow rotation. Yields under zero tillage were significantly higher in 3 of the 9 study years, and slightly higher in 5 yr, due to better soil moisture conservation once the zero-tillage treatment was established for 2 yr. Zero tillage was most beneficial when precipitation at fall planting was less than normal. The hoe-drill provided more effective seed placement than the disc drill when surface soil conditions were dry at or soon after seeding. A management system which incorporates zero tillage (and preferably seeding with a hoe drill) into a 3-yr (wheat–barley–fallow) rotation is best suited for winter wheat production in southern Alberta. Key words: Wheat (winter), crop rotation, zero tillage, seed drill, soil moisture regime
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat grown in the wheat-barley-fallow rotation yielded on average 4% higher than in the wheat-fallow rotation
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- wheat–barley–fallow rotatione3
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 4%e3
- Comparator
- wheat–fallow rotatione3
- Setting
- southern Albertae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e3“Wheat grown in the wheat–barley–fallow rotation yielded on average 4% higher than that in the wheat–fallow rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture reserves to 1.5-m depth fell to 61% of those under the wheat-fallow rotation
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- Soil moisture reservese4
- Value
- 61%e4
- Comparator
- wheat–fallow rotatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e4“Soil moisture reserves to 1.5-m depth fell to only 61% of that under the wheat–fallow rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage gave significantly higher winter wheat yields in 3 of the 9 study years
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- zero tillagee5
- Outcome
- Yieldse5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 3 of the 9 study yearse5
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e2“two tillage systems (conventional tillage, zero tillage)”
e5“Yields under zero tillage were significantly higher in 3 of the 9 study years, and slightly higher in 5 yr, due to better soil moisture conservation once the zero-tillage treatment was established for 2 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage gave slightly higher winter wheat yields in 5 years
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- zero tillagee5
- Outcome
- Yieldse5
- Direction
- slightly highere5
- Value
- 5 yre5
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e2“two tillage systems (conventional tillage, zero tillage)”
e5“Yields under zero tillage were significantly higher in 3 of the 9 study years, and slightly higher in 5 yr, due to better soil moisture conservation once the zero-tillage treatment was established for 2 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Better soil moisture conservation under zero tillage is proposed to explain higher winter wheat yields
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- zero tillagee5
- Outcome
- Yieldse5
- Qualifier
- due to better soil moisture conservatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e5“Yields under zero tillage were significantly higher in 3 of the 9 study years, and slightly higher in 5 yr, due to better soil moisture conservation once the zero-tillage treatment was established for 2 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage was most beneficial when precipitation at fall planting was less than normal
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- zero tillagee6
- Outcome
- Zero tillagee6
- Direction
- most beneficiale6
- Qualifier
- when precipitation at fall planting was less than normale6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e6“Zero tillage was most beneficial when precipitation at fall planting was less than normal”
Claim · model-written summary
A hoe-drill gave more effective seed placement than a disc drill when surface soil was dry at or soon after seeding
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- hoe-drille7
- Outcome
- seed placemente7
- Direction
- more effectivee7
- Qualifier
- when surface soil conditions were dry at or soon after seedinge7
- Comparator
- disc drille7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e7“The hoe-drill provided more effective seed placement than the disc drill when surface soil conditions were dry at or soon after seeding”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous cropping to winter wheat was terminated after 4 years because of a heavy downy brome infestation
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Interactor
- downy brome
Bromus tectorume7weed - Outcome
- terminatede7
- Qualifier
- after 4 yre7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e7“Continuous cropping to winter wheat was terminated after 4 yr because of a heavy downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) infestation”
Claim · model-written summary
A management system with zero tillage in a 3-year wheat-barley-fallow rotation, preferably with a hoe drill, is best suited for winter wheat production in southern Alberta
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- best suited for winter wheat productione7
- Setting
- southern Albertae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta”
e7“A management system which incorporates zero tillage (and preferably seeding with a hoe drill) into a 3-yr (wheat–barley–fallow) rotation is best suited for winter wheat production in southern Alberta”
The same questions in other papers
rotation · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- positive
- positive
341 papers more in this group
See all 345 papers →tillage · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,115 papers in the same direction as this paper · 257 in the opposite direction · 41 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1,410 papers more in this group
See all 1,414 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.