Abstract
To investigate the potential role of allelopathy in plant interference and in the successful invasion of alien species Solidago canadensis, aqueous an d ethanolic extracts from rhizomes, stems and leaves of S. canadensis were prepa red and used as treatment solutions to assess their effects on seed germination and seedling growth in four target species, mulberry (Morus alba); morning glory (Pharbitis nil), wheat(Triticum aestivum) and rape(Brassica campestris). Reducti on and/or growth in germination and growth of the target plant species in the pr esence of both aqueous and ethanolic extracts at different concentrations indica ted that the responses were species-specific and concentration-dependent. Genera lly, ethanolic extracts(especially from leaves) imposed stronger effects on both seed germination and seedling growth. Extracts with lower concentration at 0.00 1 g/ml dw could stimulate the seedling growth of rape and morning glory, whereas extracts at any given concentrations have inhibitory effects on wheat and mulbe rry. It is suggested that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of all the three pa rts of S. canadensis have significant allelopathic effects. Although both inhibi tion and stimulation occurred in the germination and growth of the target specie s, extracts with higher concentrations definitely inhibit seed germination and s eedling growth of all target plants. We suggest that allelopathy plays a more im portant role than other mechanisms do in the out-competition of S. canadensis ov er other plants, and make it invasive in new habitats.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Extract responses varied by target species and concentration.
Verbatim
e0“the responses were species-specific and concentration-dependent”
t0“some plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethanolic extracts, especially leaf extracts, had stronger effects on germination and seedling growth.
- Taxon
- some plantst0
- Treatment
- ethanolic extractse0
- Outcome
- seed germination and seedling growthe0
- Direction
- strongere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“ethanolic extracts(especially from leaves) imposed stronger effects on both seed germination and seedling growth”
t0“some plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Low concentration extracts stimulated rape seedling growth.
- Taxon
- rape
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse0 - Treatment
- Extracts with lower concentration at 0.00 1 g/ml dwe0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Extracts with lower concentration at 0.00 1 g/ml dw could stimulate the seedling growth of rape”
Claim · model-written summary
Low concentration extracts stimulated morning glory seedling growth.
- Taxon
- morning glorye0
- Treatment
- Extracts with lower concentration at 0.00 1 g/ml dwe0
- Outcome
- seedling growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Extracts with lower concentration at 0.00 1 g/ml dw could stimulate the seedling growth of rape and morning glory”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracts inhibited wheat at all tested concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- extracts at any given concentrationse0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effectse0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“extracts at any given concentrations have inhibitory effects on wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Extracts inhibited mulberry at all tested concentrations.
- Taxon
- mulbe rrye0
- Treatment
- extracts at any given concentrationse0
- Outcome
- inhibitory effectse0
- Direction
- inhibitorye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“extracts at any given concentrations have inhibitory effects on wheat and mulbe rry”
Claim · model-written summary
High concentration extracts inhibited target-plant seed germination and seedling growth.
- Taxon
- target plantse0
- Treatment
- extracts with higher concentrationse0
- Outcome
- seed germination and s eedling growthe0
- Direction
- inhibite0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“extracts with higher concentrations definitely inhibit seed germination and s eedling growth of all target plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer allelopathy is a major contributor to Solidago outcompetition and invasion.
- Taxon
- S. canadensis
Solidago canadensise0 - Outcome
- out-competitione0
- Qualifier
- allelopathye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“allelopathy plays a more im portant role than other mechanisms do in the out-competition of S. canadensis ov er other plants, and make it invasive in new habitats”
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