Abstract
In allelopathy, one plant suppresses the growth and development of other plant/plants by negatively affecting a variety of physiological and biochemical reactions. We checked the effects of methanolic extracts (allelochemical extracts) of Phytolacca latbenia (Moq.) H. Walter on antioxidant enzyme activities such as peroxidases (PODs), super oxide dismutases (SODs) and catalase (CAT) and on total protein contents (TPC), cellular injury (CI), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot). Both the crude methanolic extract root (CMER) and crude methanolic extract aerial (CMEA) of P. latbenia at 10000 ppm significantly reduced the POD activity in both the test seeds. The activity of SODs was significantly decreased by both CMER and CMEA in B. napus germinating seeds. A linear increase in the activity of CAT, CI, and MDA contents was found in both the test seeds with the increasing concentrations of CMEA and CMER, while TPC of the germinating seeds was found decreased. It is inferred that both the CMEA and CMER inhibited/delayed the seed germination, reduced the seedling growth by affecting a variety of biochemical and physiological attributes, and also caused cellular membrane injury in the germinating seeds of both the monocot and dicot seeds.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts at 10000 ppm significantly reduced POD activity in Brassica napus germinating seeds.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Brassica napuse1 - Treatment
- crude methanolic extract root (CMER) and crude methanolic extract aerial (CMEA) of P. latbenia at 10000 ppme2
- Interactor
- P. latbeniaPhytolacca latbeniae2other
- Outcome
- POD activitye2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Brassica_napus_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e2“Both the crude methanolic extract root (CMER) and crude methanolic extract aerial (CMEA) of P. latbenia at 10000 ppm significantly reduced the POD activity in both the test seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts at 10000 ppm significantly reduced POD activity in Triticum aestivum germinating seeds.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- crude methanolic extract root (CMER) and crude methanolic extract aerial (CMEA) of P. latbenia at 10000 ppme2
- Interactor
- P. latbeniaPhytolacca latbeniae2other
- Outcome
- POD activitye2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e2“Both the crude methanolic extract root (CMER) and crude methanolic extract aerial (CMEA) of P. latbenia at 10000 ppm significantly reduced the POD activity in both the test seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts significantly decreased SOD activity in Brassica napus germinating seeds.
- Taxon
- B. napusBrassica napuse3
- Treatment
- CMER and CMEAe3
- Interactor
- P. latbeniaPhytolacca latbeniae2other
- Outcome
- activity of SODse3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e2“Both the crude methanolic extract root (CMER) and crude methanolic extract aerial (CMEA) of P. latbenia at 10000 ppm significantly reduced the POD activity in both the test seeds”
e3“The activity of SODs was significantly decreased by both CMER and CMEA in B. napus germinating seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing extract concentrations gave a linear increase in CAT, CI and MDA activity or content in Brassica napus seeds.
- Taxon
- Brassica napusBrassica napuse1
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of CMEA and CMERe4
- Outcome
- activity of CAT, CI, and MDA contentse4
- Direction
- linear increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e4“A linear increase in the activity of CAT, CI, and MDA contents was found in both the test seeds with the increasing concentrations of CMEA and CMER”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing extract concentrations gave a linear increase in CAT, CI and MDA activity or content in Triticum aestivum seeds.
- Taxon
- Triticum aestivumTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of CMEA and CMERe4
- Outcome
- activity of CAT, CI, and MDA contentse4
- Direction
- linear increasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e4“A linear increase in the activity of CAT, CI, and MDA contents was found in both the test seeds with the increasing concentrations of CMEA and CMER”
Claim · model-written summary
Total protein content of the germinating seeds decreased with the extracts.
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)Brassica napusTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- CMEA and CMERe4
- Outcome
- TPCe5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e4“with the increasing concentrations of CMEA and CMER”
e5“while TPC of the germinating seeds was found decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts inhibited or delayed seed germination (inferred by the authors).
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)Brassica napusTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- CMEA and CMERe6
- Outcome
- seed germinatione6
- Direction
- inhibited/delayede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e6“It is inferred that both the CMEA and CMER inhibited/delayed the seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Both extracts reduced seedling growth (inferred by the authors).
- Taxon
- Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)Brassica napusTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- CMEA and CMERe6
- Outcome
- seedling growthe6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“germinating seeds of Brassica napus L. (dicot) and Triticum aestivum L. (monocot)”
e6“It is inferred that both the CMEA and CMER inhibited/delayed the seed germination, reduced the seedling growth by affecting a variety of biochemical and physiological attributes”
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