Abstract
Use of glyphosate, the active ingredient in a herbicide that can be applied to growing cropplants produced from genetically modified seeds has increased dramatically. The use of glyphosateis a widely accepted weed control alternative, but the genetically modified crops have not been wellreceived in some import markets. In this study, we conducted a multi-year study using an herbicideapplicator that sensed the presence of green plant material and applied herbicide to the area wherethe plant material was located. The herbicide was applied under a hood to reduce weed competitionwith the crop plants (either corn or soybeans) in the rows adjacent to the hoods. Replicatedtreatments were conducted to evaluate weed infestation level, the amount of herbicide applied, thelevel of control achieved, and the plots were harvested at maturity to compare yields. Statisticalanalysis was used to compare weed control and yields among the plot treatments for each crop. Postemergence broadcast application of a selective herbicide weed control treatment in corn can beexpected to provide a higher level of broadleaf weed control than the under-hood application of the nonselective (glyphosate) herbicide. In soybeans, the relative level of weed control varied amongtreatments from year to year in response to environmental conditions, timing of application, weedpressure, etc. Yields of both corn and soybeans varied significantly among weed control treatments,but the highest yield was not associated with a particular treatment. The use of the under-hood sensor-controlled application technology can result in significant savings(up to 80%) in the amount of glyphosate used to control weeds in corn and soybeans in the upperUS Cornbelt in a particular year, and over time, can average about 45%. When a preplantincorporated grass herbicide is not included in the weed control program, glyphosate savings willaverage about 20%, but the cost of the total weed control program is lower than any of the othertreatments included in this study, and comparable to the cost of blanket application of glyphosate forweed control in genetically modified corn and soybean crops.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast selective herbicide gave higher broadleaf weed control in corn than under-hood glyphosate.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Postemergence broadcast application of a selective herbicidee0
- Outcome
- broadleaf weed controle0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- under-hood application of the nonselective (glyphosate) herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Postemergence broadcast application of a selective herbicide weed control treatment in corn can beexpected to provide a higher level of broadleaf weed control than the under-hood application of the nonselective (glyphosate) herbicide.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean weed control varied among treatments across years.
- Taxon
- soybeans
Glycine maxe0 - Outcome
- relative level of weed controle0
- Direction
- variede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In soybeans, the relative level of weed control varied amongtreatments from year to year”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yields varied significantly among weed control treatments without one treatment consistently highest.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- Yieldse0
- Direction
- variede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of both corn and soybeans varied significantly among weed control treatments,but the highest yield was not associated with a particular treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yields varied significantly among weed control treatments without one treatment consistently highest.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- Yieldse0
- Direction
- variede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields of both corn and soybeans varied significantly among weed control treatments,but the highest yield was not associated with a particular treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under-hood sensor-controlled application saved up to 80% glyphosate in a particular year.
- Taxon
- corn and soybeansGlycine maxZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- amount of glyphosate usede0
- Direction
- savingse0
- Value
- up to 80%e0
- Setting
- upperUS Cornbelte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of the under-hood sensor-controlled application technology can result in significant savings(up to 80%) in the amount of glyphosate used to control weeds in corn and soybeans in the upperUS Cornbelt in a particular year”
Claim · model-written summary
Under-hood sensor-controlled application averaged about 45% glyphosate savings over time.
Verbatim
e0“over time, can average about 45%”
e1“The use of the under-hood sensor-controlled application technology can result in significant savings(up to 80%) in the amount of glyphosate used”
Claim · model-written summary
Without preplant grass herbicide, glyphosate savings averaged about 20%.
Verbatim
e0“When a preplantincorporated grass herbicide is not included in the weed control program, glyphosate savings willaverage about 20%”
Claim · model-written summary
Without preplant grass herbicide, total weed-control cost was lower than other treatments and comparable to blanket glyphosate.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the cost of the total weed control program is lower than any of the othertreatments included in this study, and comparable to the cost of blanket application of glyphosate”
The same questions in other papers
transplanting · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →herbicide · weed · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
359 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
402 papers more in this group
See all 406 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.