Abstract
A no‐till (NT) production system has potential to reduce soil erosion, fossil fuel consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions compared with a conventional till (CT) system. Nitrogen fertilization (four to six N rates) and tillage system (CT and NT) effects on irrigated, continuous corn ( Zea mays L.) yields were evaluated for 5 yr on a clay loam soil to determine the viability of the NT system and N needs for optimum yield. Corn in both NT and CT systems responded similarly to available N supply. Grain yields were significantly increased by N fertilization in both tillage systems, with a 16% higher average maximum yield in the CT than in the NT system. Grain yields were near maximum with an available N (soil + fertilizer N) level of 276 and 268 kg N ha −1 in the CT and NT systems, respectively. Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) averaged 43% over N rates and years for both systems. Total N required to produce 1 Mg of grain at maximum yield averaged 19 and 20 kg N Mg −1 grain for the CT and NT systems, respectively. Corn residue increased with increasing N rate with no difference in residue production between tillage systems. The lower grain yield with NT probably resulted from the slow early spring development and delayed tasseling compared with the CT system as a result of cooler spring soil temperatures in the NT system. No‐till, irrigated, continuous corn production has potential for replacing CT systems in the central Great Plains area, but with reduced yield potential. Current N fertilizer recommendations for CT corn based on yield goal may need to be modified for NT to account for the lower yield potential and slightly higher N requirement.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Corn responded similarly to available nitrogen in no-till and conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Outcome
- responded similarly to available N supplye0
- Comparator
- NT and CT systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn in both NT and CT systems responded similarly to available N supply.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased grain yield in both tillage systems.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were significantly increased by N fertilization in both tillage systems”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Average maximum grain yield was 16% higher under conventional than no-till management.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- average maximum yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 16%e0
- Comparator
- NT systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a 16% higher average maximum yield in the CT than in the NT system”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield approached maximum at 276 kg N ha −1 available nitrogen in conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- near maximume0
- Value
- 276 and 268 kg N ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- available N (soil + fertilizer N)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were near maximum with an available N (soil + fertilizer N) level of 276 and 268 kg N ha −1 in the CT and NT systems, respectively.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield approached maximum at 268 kg N ha −1 available nitrogen in no-till management.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- NTe0
- Outcome
- Grain yieldse0
- Direction
- near maximume0
- Value
- 268 kg N ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- available N (soil + fertilizer N)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yields were near maximum with an available N (soil + fertilizer N) level of 276 and 268 kg N ha −1 in the CT and NT systems, respectively.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency averaged 43% for both systems.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiencye0
- Value
- 43%e0
- Qualifier
- over N rates and years for both systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency (NFUE) averaged 43% over N rates and years for both systems.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
At maximum yield, conventional tillage required an average of 19 kg N Mg −1 grain.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- CTe0
- Outcome
- Total N required to produce 1 Mg of graine0
- Value
- 19 and 20 kg N Mg −1 graine0
- Qualifier
- at maximum yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total N required to produce 1 Mg of grain at maximum yield averaged 19 and 20 kg N Mg −1 grain for the CT and NT systems, respectively.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
At maximum yield, no-till required an average of 20 kg N Mg −1 grain.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- NTe0
- Outcome
- Total N required to produce 1 Mg of graine0
- Value
- 20 kg N Mg −1 graine0
- Qualifier
- at maximum yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total N required to produce 1 Mg of grain at maximum yield averaged 19 and 20 kg N Mg −1 grain for the CT and NT systems, respectively.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn residue increased as nitrogen rate increased.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- increasing N ratee0
- Outcome
- Corn residuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Corn residue increased with increasing N rate with no difference in residue production between tillage systems.”
Claim · model-written summary
Residue production did not differ between tillage systems.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- residue productione0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- tillage systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no difference in residue production between tillage systems”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed lower no-till grain yield to delayed development and tasseling associated with cooler spring soil.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- tasselinge0
- Treatment
- NTe0
- Outcome
- lower grain yielde0
- Qualifier
- cooler spring soil temperaturese0
- Comparator
- CT systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lower grain yield with NT probably resulted from the slow early spring development and delayed tasseling compared with the CT system as a result of cooler spring soil temperatures in the NT system.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider no-till viable in the central Great Plains, with reduced yield potential.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- potential for replacing CT systemse0
- Qualifier
- reduced yield potentiale0
- Setting
- central Great Plains areae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No‐till, irrigated, continuous corn production has potential for replacing CT systems in the central Great Plains area, but with reduced yield potential.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest modifying conventional-tillage nitrogen recommendations for no-till corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- N fertilizer recommendationse0
- Qualifier
- lower yield potential and slightly higher N requiremente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Current N fertilizer recommendations for CT corn based on yield goal may need to be modified for NT to account for the lower yield potential and slightly higher N requirement.”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative
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