Abstract
Vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAM) may enhance growth of nonirrigated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) by improving host drought tolerance. The purpose of this study was to determine growth and yield response of drought-stressed soybean to infection by the mycorrhizal endophyte Glomus fasciculatum. Plants were grown in the greenhouse in Kennebec silt loam soil (fine silty, mixed, mesic, Cumulic Hapludoll). The treatments included the presence or absence of both G. fasciculatum and drought stress, arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design (12 replications). To create stress treatments, water was withheld for 9 d during the pod elongation stage, and half of the plants were harvested immediately after the stress period and half at physiological seed maturity. Plants harvested immediately after stress (51 d after emergence) had significant reduction in mycorrhizal infection and soybean nodulation. The root-to-shoot ratio of stressed plants inoculated with VAM decreased 24% compared with noninoculated plants, indicating enhanced host drought tolerance by G. fasciculatum. Total seed weight of stressed plants increased 10% when infected with VAM as a result of reduced pod abortion. Significant G. fasciculatum × drought stress interactions were found for total seed weight, pod number, seed number, and root-to-shoot ratio, showing that G. fasciculatum had a more positive effect on drought-stressed compared with control plants. Transpiration rates during the stress period were similar for infected and noninfected plants. Enhanced yield of infected plants may have been the result of improved P nutrition or more extensive soil water extraction. The results of this experiment show potential benefits of VAM colonization in soybean in arid and semiarid regions.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean plants harvested immediately after the drought period had significantly reduced mycorrhizal infection and nodulation.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- stresse0
- Outcome
- mycorrhizal infection and soybean nodulatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants harvested immediately after stress (51 d after emergence) had significant reduction in mycorrhizal infection and soybean nodulation”
Claim · model-written summary
The root-to-shoot ratio of drought-stressed soybean inoculated with VAM was 24% lower than that of noninoculated plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inoculated with VAMe0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- root-to-shoot ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 24%e0
- Comparator
- noninoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The root-to-shoot ratio of stressed plants inoculated with VAM decreased 24% compared with noninoculated plants”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Total seed weight of drought-stressed soybean increased 10% when infected with VAM, as a result of reduced pod abortion.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- infected with VAMe0
- Interactor
- VAMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Total seed weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Qualifier
- as a result of reduced pod abortione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total seed weight of stressed plants increased 10% when infected with VAM as a result of reduced pod abortion”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant G. fasciculatum x drought stress interactions were found for total seed weight, pod number and seed number.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Interactor
- G. fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- total seed weight, pod number, seed numbere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant G. fasciculatum × drought stress interactions were found for total seed weight, pod number, seed number”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
A significant G. fasciculatum x drought stress interaction was found for the root-to-shoot ratio, showing a more positive effect of G. fasciculatum on drought-stressed than control plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Interactor
- G. fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse0symbiont
- Outcome
- root-to-shoot ratioe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant G. fasciculatum × drought stress interactions were found for total seed weight, pod number, seed number, and root-to-shoot ratio”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration rates during the stress period were similar for infected and noninfected soybean plants.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- infectede0
- Outcome
- Transpiration ratese0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- noninfected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transpiration rates during the stress period were similar for infected and noninfected plants”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The enhanced yield of infected plants may have resulted from improved P nutrition or more extensive soil water extraction.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Enhanced yielde0
- Qualifier
- improved P nutrition or more extensive soil water extractione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced yield of infected plants may have been the result of improved P nutrition or more extensive soil water extraction”
t0“soybean”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.