Abstract
Abstract Although tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is one of the major cool‐season grasses used for animal feed in the USA, it often is unfertilized or is top‐dressed with N alone. Additional fertilizer nutrients applied with N may improve yield and quality. Subsurface placement of N has been shown to improve cool‐season grass production, but data are limited regarding effects of placement of different fertilizer combinations on elemental composition and yield of tall fescue. Thus, a field study was conducted from 1984 to 1986 to determine the effects of multinutrient fertilization (N‐only, NP, NPK, NPKSBZn, and PKSBZn without N) and placement method [broadcast, dribble (surface banding), and knifing (subsurface banding)] on nutrient concentrations and yield of tall fescue. Nitrogen was the primary nutrient limiting fescue growth. Adding N doubled yields of samples that estimated early‐grazing potential and tripled yields of hay. Supplementing N fertilization with additional nutrients increased tissue concentrations of the added nutrient, but increases in yield were small and often not significant. Broadcasting fertilizers resulted in greater yields of early‐grazing samples and higher P and K concentrations than knifing; however, by hay harvest, knifing resulted in about 10% greater yields and 20% greater N concentrations. Dribble applications generally resulted in responses intermediate between those of broadcast and knifing.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen was the primary nutrient limiting fescue growth.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen was the primary nutrient limiting fescue growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding N doubled yields of samples that estimated early‐grazing potential.
- Taxon
- tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceumt0 - Treatment
- Adding Ne0
- Outcome
- yields of samples that estimated early‐grazing potentiale0
- Direction
- doublede0
- Value
- doublede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding N doubled yields of samples that estimated early‐grazing potential and tripled yields of hay.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding N tripled yields of hay.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Adding Ne0
- Outcome
- yields of haye0
- Direction
- triplede0
- Value
- triplede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Adding N doubled yields of samples that estimated early‐grazing potential and tripled yields of hay.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplementing N with other nutrients increased their tissue concentrations.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Supplementing N fertilization with additional nutrientse0
- Outcome
- tissue concentrations of the added nutriente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplementing N fertilization with additional nutrients increased tissue concentrations of the added nutrient, but increases in yield were small and often not significant.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplementing N with other nutrients produced small, often nonsignificant yield increases.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Supplementing N fertilization with additional nutrientse0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- small and often not significante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Supplementing N fertilization with additional nutrients increased tissue concentrations of the added nutrient, but increases in yield were small and often not significant.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast fertilizer gave greater early grazing sample yields than knifing.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Broadcasting fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- yields of early‐grazing samplese0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- knifinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broadcasting fertilizers resulted in greater yields of early‐grazing samples and higher P and K concentrations than knifing; however, by hay harvest, knifing resulted in about 10% greater yields and 20% greater N concentrations.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Broadcast fertilizer gave higher P and K concentrations than knifing.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Broadcasting fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- P and K concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- knifinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broadcasting fertilizers resulted in greater yields of early‐grazing samples and higher P and K concentrations than knifing; however, by hay harvest, knifing resulted in about 10% greater yields and 20% greater N concentrations.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
By hay harvest, knifing gave about 10% greater yields than broadcasting.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Organ / stage
- hay harveste0
- Treatment
- knifinge0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- Broadcasting fertilizerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broadcasting fertilizers resulted in greater yields of early‐grazing samples and higher P and K concentrations than knifing; however, by hay harvest, knifing resulted in about 10% greater yields and 20% greater N concentrations.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
By hay harvest, knifing gave 20% greater N concentrations than broadcasting.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Organ / stage
- hay harveste0
- Treatment
- knifinge0
- Outcome
- N concentrationse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 20%e0
- Comparator
- Broadcasting fertilizerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Broadcasting fertilizers resulted in greater yields of early‐grazing samples and higher P and K concentrations than knifing; however, by hay harvest, knifing resulted in about 10% greater yields and 20% greater N concentrations.”
t0“tall fescue”
Claim · model-written summary
Dribble applications generally gave intermediate responses between broadcast and knifing.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceumt0
- Treatment
- Dribble applicationse0
- Outcome
- responses intermediatee0
- Direction
- intermediatee0
- Comparator
- broadcast and knifinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dribble applications generally resulted in responses intermediate between those of broadcast and knifing.”
t0“tall fescue”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.