Abstract
Trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) plant growth regulator (PGR) effects on diploid red clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) seed production were investigated in two diverse environments, Canterbury (CA), New Zealand (NZ), and Willamette Valley, Oregon (OR). Five TE rate (250 and 500 g a.i. ha −1 ) and timing [Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt, and CHemische Industrie (BBCH) growth stages 32, 51, 32 + 51] treatments and an untreated control were examined at six on‐farm sites in OR and one experimental site in CA in 2011 and 2012. Seed yield was increased across CA and OR production environments with 500 g ha −1 TE applied at BBCH 32 (15%, CA‐2011; 9%, OR‐2011; 13%, OR‐2012). Split applications of 500 g ha −1 TE (BBCH 32 + 51) improved seed yield by up to 13% in OR but had no effect in CA. Seed weight was generally inversely related to yield; TE treatments that produced the highest yield also had the lowest seed weight and thus did not contribute to TE‐induced yield improvement. Increases in inflorescences m −2 with TE ranged from 26 to 62% in all environments. Coupled with other measured effects of TE on flowering and stem production, these may have been contributing factors to seed yield enhancement by TE. Crop height was consistently reduced by TE across CA and OR environments but aboveground crop biomass was not affected by TE. The timely use of TE PGR is a practice that has broad applicability in red clover seed production across CA and OR environments.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
A 500 g ha −1 application at BBCH 32 increased seed yield in Canterbury in 2011 by 15%.
- Taxon
- Red Clover
Trifolium pratenset0 - Treatment
- 500 g ha −1 TE applied at BBCH 32e0
- Outcome
- Seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 15%e0
- Setting
- CA‐2011e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Seed yield was increased across CA and OR production environments with 500 g ha −1 TE applied at BBCH 32 (15%, CA‐2011; 9%, OR‐2011; 13%, OR‐2012).”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment increased seed yield in Oregon in 2011 by 9%.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- 500 g ha −1 TE applied at BBCH 32e0
- Outcome
- Seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9%e0
- Setting
- OR‐2011e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Seed yield was increased across CA and OR production environments with 500 g ha −1 TE applied at BBCH 32 (15%, CA‐2011; 9%, OR‐2011; 13%, OR‐2012).”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment increased seed yield in Oregon in 2012 by 13%.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- 500 g ha −1 TE applied at BBCH 32e0
- Outcome
- Seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13%e0
- Setting
- OR‐2012e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Seed yield was increased across CA and OR production environments with 500 g ha −1 TE applied at BBCH 32 (15%, CA‐2011; 9%, OR‐2011; 13%, OR‐2012).”
Claim · model-written summary
Split applications improved seed yield by up to 13% in Oregon.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- Split applications of 500 g ha −1 TE (BBCH 32 + 51)e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- up to 13%e0
- Setting
- ORe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Split applications of 500 g ha −1 TE (BBCH 32 + 51) improved seed yield by up to 13% in OR but had no effect in CA.”
Claim · model-written summary
Split applications had no seed yield effect in Canterbury.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- Split applications of 500 g ha −1 TE (BBCH 32 + 51)e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Setting
- CAe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Split applications of 500 g ha −1 TE (BBCH 32 + 51) improved seed yield by up to 13% in OR but had no effect in CA.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed weight was generally inversely related to yield.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Outcome
- Seed weighte0
- Direction
- inversely relatede0
- Comparator
- yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Seed weight was generally inversely related to yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Trinexapac ethyl increased inflorescences per square meter by 26 to 62%.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- TEe0
- Outcome
- inflorescences m −2e0
- Direction
- Increasese0
- Value
- 26 to 62%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Increases in inflorescences m −2 with TE ranged from 26 to 62% in all environments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Trinexapac ethyl consistently reduced crop height.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- TEe0
- Outcome
- Crop heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“Crop height was consistently reduced by TE across CA and OR environments”
Claim · model-written summary
Trinexapac ethyl did not affect aboveground biomass.
- Taxon
- Red CloverTrifolium pratenset0
- Treatment
- TEe0
- Outcome
- aboveground crop biomasse0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Red Clover”
e0“aboveground crop biomass was not affected by TE”
The same questions in other papers
trinexapac-ethyl · yield · Trifolium pratense (red clover)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.