Abstract
On-farm trials were conducted in the central Karnataka of India, over 3 years, with the objectives of quantifying the effects of applying balanced nutrition to rain fed maize with regard to yield response, plant nutrition, profitability and rain water use efficiency under multi-nutrient deficient conditions. Maize grain yield was significantly increased by the soil application of Farmers’ Inputs (FI) plus additional quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), FI+sulfur, boron and zinc (SBZn) and FI+NP+SBZn treatments compared to maize receiving no fertilizer inputs or FI. Optimizing limiting soil nutrients significantly (p<0.05) enhanced grain productivity by an average of 67.1% and stover yields by 76.6% under farm situations. Also the treatment NP+SBZn over the FI treatment significantly increased the uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn in the grain and above-ground maize parts. Use of SBZn, along with the FI’s enhanced partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency by 202 and 96.8%, respectively. However, the benefit: cost ratio (2.9: 1) of SBZn treatment was not encouraging and it was most lucrative (6.4: 1) in FI+NP treatment. Maize fertilized with balanced nutrition (FI+NP+SBZn) showed greater rain water use efficiency (almost increased by 50%), over the farmer’s practice of fertilization. Integrated application of additional quantities of NP and correcting SBZn deficiencies in rain fed maize are critical for not only to enhance the productivity and profitability but also to maintain sustainable soil resource base.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield increased with the Farmers’ Inputs plus nitrogen and phosphorus treatment compared with no fertilizer or Farmers’ Inputs alone.
- Treatment
- Farmers’ Inputs (FI) plus additional quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- no fertilizer inputs or FIe1
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Maize grain yield was significantly increased by the soil application of Farmers’ Inputs (FI) plus additional quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), FI+sulfur, boron and zinc (SBZn) and FI+NP+SBZn treatments compared to maize receiving no fertilizer inputs or FI”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield increased with the FI plus sulfur, boron and zinc treatment compared with no fertilizer or Farmers’ Inputs alone.
- Treatment
- FI+sulfur, boron and zinc (SBZn)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- no fertilizer inputs or FIe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Maize grain yield was significantly increased by the soil application of Farmers’ Inputs (FI) plus additional quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), FI+sulfur, boron and zinc (SBZn) and FI+NP+SBZn treatments compared to maize receiving no fertilizer inputs or FI”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield increased with the FI plus NP plus SBZn treatment compared with no fertilizer or Farmers’ Inputs alone.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Maize grain yield was significantly increased by the soil application of Farmers’ Inputs (FI) plus additional quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), FI+sulfur, boron and zinc (SBZn) and FI+NP+SBZn treatments compared to maize receiving no fertilizer inputs or FI”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimizing limiting soil nutrients increased grain productivity by an average of 67.1% under farm situations.
- Treatment
- Optimizing limiting soil nutrientse2
- Outcome
- grain productivitye2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Value
- 67.1%e2
- Qualifier
- p<0.05e2
- Setting
- farm situationse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Optimizing limiting soil nutrients significantly (p<0.05) enhanced grain productivity by an average of 67.1% and stover yields by 76.6% under farm situations”
t0“Rain Fed Maize in India”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimizing limiting soil nutrients increased stover yields by 76.6% under farm situations.
- Treatment
- Optimizing limiting soil nutrientse2
- Outcome
- stover yieldse2
- Direction
- enhancede2
- Value
- 76.6%e2
- Qualifier
- p<0.05e2
- Setting
- farm situationse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Optimizing limiting soil nutrients significantly (p<0.05) enhanced grain productivity by an average of 67.1% and stover yields by 76.6% under farm situations”
t0“Rain Fed Maize in India”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of SBZn with the FI enhanced partial factor productivity of maize (202).
- Treatment
- Use of SBZn, along with the FI’se3
- Outcome
- partial factor productivitye3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Value
- 202e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Use of SBZn, along with the FI’s enhanced partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency by 202 and 96.8%, respectively”
t0“Rain Fed Maize in India”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of SBZn with the FI enhanced agronomic efficiency of maize (96.8%).
- Treatment
- Use of SBZn, along with the FI’se3
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiencye3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Value
- 96.8%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Use of SBZn, along with the FI’s enhanced partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency by 202 and 96.8%, respectively”
t0“Rain Fed Maize in India”
Claim · model-written summary
The benefit:cost ratio of the SBZn treatment (2.9:1) was not encouraging.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“However, the benefit: cost ratio (2.9: 1) of SBZn treatment was not encouraging and it was most lucrative (6.4: 1) in FI+NP treatment”
t0“Rain Fed Maize in India”
Claim · model-written summary
The benefit:cost ratio of the FI plus NP treatment (6.4:1) was the most lucrative.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“However, the benefit: cost ratio (2.9: 1) of SBZn treatment was not encouraging and it was most lucrative (6.4: 1) in FI+NP treatment”
t0“Rain Fed Maize in India”
Claim · model-written summary
The NP plus SBZn treatment significantly increased the uptake of N, P and K in maize grain and above-ground parts over the FI treatment.
- Organ / stage
- grain and above-ground maize partse5
- Treatment
- NP+SBZne5
- Outcome
- uptake of N, P, Ke5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- the FI treatmente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Also the treatment NP+SBZn over the FI treatment significantly increased the uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn in the grain and above-ground maize parts”
Claim · model-written summary
The NP plus SBZn treatment significantly increased the uptake of S and Zn in maize grain and above-ground parts over the FI treatment.
- Organ / stage
- grain and above-ground maize partse5
- Treatment
- NP+SBZne5
- Outcome
- S and Zne5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- the FI treatmente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Also the treatment NP+SBZn over the FI treatment significantly increased the uptake of N, P, K, S and Zn in the grain and above-ground maize parts”
Claim · model-written summary
Balanced nutrition (FI+NP+SBZn) increased rain water use efficiency of maize by almost 50% over the farmer’s practice of fertilization.
- Treatment
- balanced nutrition (FI+NP+SBZn)e6
- Outcome
- rain water use efficiencye6
- Direction
- greatere6
- Value
- 50%e6
- Qualifier
- almoste6
- Comparator
- farmer’s practice of fertilizatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Maize fertilized with balanced nutrition (FI+NP+SBZn) showed greater rain water use efficiency (almost increased by 50%), over the farmer’s practice of fertilization”
t0“Rain Fed Maize in India”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated application of additional NP and correction of SBZn deficiencies is critical for enhancing productivity and profitability and maintaining the soil resource base in rain fed maize.
Verbatim
e7“Integrated application of additional quantities of NP and correcting SBZn deficiencies in rain fed maize are critical for not only to enhance the productivity and profitability but also to maintain sustainable soil resource base”
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See all 5 papers →8 of 15 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.