Abstract
An experiment was conducted at glasshouse of Universiti Putra Malaysia with boron (B) and zinc (Zn) deficient soil (Serdang series) to evaluate the effect of B and Zn on maize crop and the behavior of soil microbial communities with various levels of boron and zinc. Among the six tested soil series, Malawi soil was found the most deficient in boron (0.06 ppm). Four levels of B from Borax as 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kg ha -1 and two levels of Zn from Zinc Sulphate, 0 and 5 kg ha -1 were applied. The highest plant height (109 cm), root length (30.67 cm), leaf area index, chlorophyll content, shoot (5.38 g) and root dry weight (0.23 g) were obtained at B 0.5 + Zn 5.0 kg ha -1 treatment. The interaction effect between boron × zinc in the soil was significant. Antagonistic effect occurred for B uptake at higher rates of B with 5 kg ha -1 of Zn application. The addition of B at lower level alone or in combination with Zn significantly increased soil bacterial population. The highest rhizosphere bacterial population was found at B 0.5 + Zn 5 kg ha -1 treatment. The addition of B 1.0 kg ha -1 with zinc Zn 5 kg ha -1 showed a toxic effect on soil bacterial population. Although B produced substantial biomass yield increment with extended rates, the excess amount caused toxicity in the soil bacterial environment. It can be concluded that 0.5 kg ha -1 of B in combination with 5 kg ha -1 Zn can exhibit higher yield of maize and is friendly to this particular soil environment.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Malawi soil was the most boron deficient of six tested series at 0.06 ppm.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Among the six tested soil series, Malawi soil was found the most deficient in boron (0.06 ppm)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
B 0.5 plus Zn 5.0 kg ha -1 gave the highest maize plant height, 109 cm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest plant height (109 cm), root length (30.67 cm), leaf area index, chlorophyll content, shoot (5.38 g) and root dry weight (0.23 g) were obtained at B 0.5 + Zn 5.0 kg ha -1 treatment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment gave the highest root length, 30.67 cm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest plant height (109 cm), root length (30.67 cm), leaf area index, chlorophyll content, shoot (5.38 g) and root dry weight (0.23 g) were obtained at B 0.5 + Zn 5.0 kg ha -1 treatment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment gave the highest leaf area index and chlorophyll content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest plant height (109 cm), root length (30.67 cm), leaf area index, chlorophyll content, shoot (5.38 g) and root dry weight (0.23 g) were obtained at B 0.5 + Zn 5.0 kg ha -1 treatment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment gave the highest shoot dry weight, 5.38 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest plant height (109 cm), root length (30.67 cm), leaf area index, chlorophyll content, shoot (5.38 g) and root dry weight (0.23 g) were obtained at B 0.5 + Zn 5.0 kg ha -1 treatment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment gave the highest root dry weight, 0.23 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest plant height (109 cm), root length (30.67 cm), leaf area index, chlorophyll content, shoot (5.38 g) and root dry weight (0.23 g) were obtained at B 0.5 + Zn 5.0 kg ha -1 treatment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The soil boron by zinc interaction was significant.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction effect between boron × zinc in the soil was significant”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher boron rates with zinc antagonized boron uptake.
- Treatment
- higher rates of B with 5 kg ha -1 of Zn applicatione0
- Outcome
- B uptakee0
- Direction
- Antagonistice0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antagonistic effect occurred for B uptake at higher rates of B with 5 kg ha -1 of Zn application”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Low boron alone or with zinc significantly increased soil bacterial population.
- Treatment
- B at lower level alone or in combination with Zne0
- Interactor
- bacteriale0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil bacterial populatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of B at lower level alone or in combination with Zn significantly increased soil bacterial population”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
B 0.5 plus Zn 5 kg ha -1 produced the highest rhizosphere bacterial population.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest rhizosphere bacterial population was found at B 0.5 + Zn 5 kg ha -1 treatment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
B 1.0 with Zn 5 kg ha -1 was toxic to soil bacterial population.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of B 1.0 kg ha -1 with zinc Zn 5 kg ha -1 showed a toxic effect on soil bacterial population”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron increased biomass yield at extended rates.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B produced substantial biomass yield increment with extended rates”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess boron caused toxicity in the soil bacterial environment.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the excess amount caused toxicity in the soil bacterial environment”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that 0.5 kg ha -1 B with 5 kg ha -1 Zn supports higher maize yield and soil compatibility.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.5 kg ha -1 of B in combination with 5 kg ha -1 Zn can exhibit higher yield of maize and is friendly to this particular soil environment”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.