Paper · 2003 · Soil Science Society of America Journal

Mobility and Availability to Plants of Two Zinc Sources Applied to a Calcareous Soil

A. Obrador; J. Novillo; J. M. Alvarez

9
claims
17
verbatim quotes
107
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The objective of this study was to compare the migration, availability, and relative effectiveness of Zn from liquid Zn‐amino acids (Zn‐AA) and Zn‐DTPA‐HEDTA‐EDTA (Zn‐CH: DTPA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetate; HEDTA, N‐2‐hydroxyethyl‐ethylenedinitrilotriacetate; EDTA, ethylenedinitrilotetraacetate) sources by applying different Zn levels to a calcareous soil in incubation, column, and greenhouse experiments. Zinc soil behavior was evaluated by sequential fractionation, and DTPA and Mehlich‐3 extractions. The results of the incubation study showed that amounts of Zn in the most labile fraction (water soluble plus exchangeable) were detected only when Zn‐CH fertilizer was applied. A large portion of Zn applied to soil occurred in the amorphous Fe oxide bound fraction in all fertilization treatments. The results of the column study showed that addition of Zn‐CH resulted in greatly increased mobility of Zn through the column as compared with the control and the Zn‐AA source, and 49% of Zn applied as Zn‐CH was leached from the column. The results of the greenhouse study showed in the absence of leaching that the application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize ( Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment although the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further. The fertilizer treatments also significantly increased Zn concentration in plants, except the lowest dosage of Zn‐AA. Zn‐CH was more effective than Zn‐AA. The differences in plant Zn uptake in the greenhouse experiment between two Zn sources was correlated with the water soluble plus exchangeable fraction and DTPA extractable Zn in the incubation experiment.

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Claims 9

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Only Zn-CH produced detectable zinc in the most labile soil fraction.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
Zn‐CH fertilizere0
Outcome
amounts of Zn in the most labile fractione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“amounts of Zn in the most labile fraction (water soluble plus exchangeable) were detected only when Zn‐CH fertilizer was applied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 557–685 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A large portion of applied zinc occurred in the amorphous iron oxide bound fraction under all fertilizer treatments.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Outcome
Zn applied to soil occurred in the amorphous Fe oxide bound fractione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A large portion of Zn applied to soil occurred in the amorphous Fe oxide bound fraction in all fertilization treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 687–806 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zn-CH increased zinc mobility relative to control and Zn-AA.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
addition of Zn‐CHe0
Outcome
mobility of Zne0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
through the columne0
Comparator
the control and the Zn‐AA sourcee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“addition of Zn‐CH resulted in greatly increased mobility of Zn through the column as compared with the control and the Zn‐AA source”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 852–983 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Forty-nine percent of applied Zn-CH leached from the column.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Outcome
Zn applied as Zn‐CH was leached from the columne0
Value
49%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“49% of Zn applied as Zn‐CH was leached from the column”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 989–1043 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Both zinc sources significantly increased maize dry matter yield compared with control.

Taxon
maize ( Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Treatment
application of two Zn sourcese0
Outcome
dry matter yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
the control treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“application of two Zn sources significantly increased maize ( Zea mays L.) dry matter yield compared with the control treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1124–1251 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing zinc dose did not further increase maize dry matter.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
the increase in the Zn dosagee0
Outcome
dry mattere0
Direction
did not increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the increase in the Zn dosage did not increase dry matter further”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1261–1326 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer treatments increased plant zinc concentration except at the lowest Zn-AA dose.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Treatment
The fertilizer treatmentse0
Outcome
Zn concentration in plantse0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
except the lowest dosage of Zn‐AAe0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The fertilizer treatments also significantly increased Zn concentration in plants, except the lowest dosage of Zn‐AA”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1328–1444 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zn-CH was more effective than Zn-AA.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Outcome
more effectivee0
Direction
more effectivee0
Comparator
Zn‐AAe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Zn‐CH was more effective than Zn‐AA”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1446–1481 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant zinc uptake differences between sources correlated with labile and DTPA-extractable soil zinc.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse1
Outcome
plant Zn uptakee0
Qualifier
water soluble plus exchangeable fraction and DTPA extractable Zne0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“differences in plant Zn uptake in the greenhouse experiment between two Zn sources was correlated with the water soluble plus exchangeable fraction and DTPA extractable Zn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1487–1658 · show in text ↑
e1

“maize ( Zea mays L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1178–1198 · show in text ↑

zinc atom · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

224 papers: 183 positive, 41 negative or no effect

40 papers in the same direction as this paper · 183 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

220 papers more in this group

See all 224 papers →

zinc atom · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

235 papers: 199 positive, 36 negative or no effect

198 papers in the same direction as this paper · 33 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

231 papers more in this group

See all 235 papers →

zinc atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

441 papers: 391 positive, 50 negative or no effect

390 papers in the same direction as this paper · 47 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

437 papers more in this group

See all 441 papers →

fertilization · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

1,164 papers: 1,026 positive, 138 negative or no effect

1,025 papers in the same direction as this paper · 127 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

1,160 papers more in this group

See all 1,164 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.